<p>Coal resources continuously advance to deep areas, facing increasingly complex geological conditions. Closely spaced coal seam group mining occupies an important position in China’s coal resource extraction, easily causing large deformation of roadway surrounding rock due to mining impacts, bringing severe challenges to safe and efficient coal mine production. Therefore, research on prevention and control technologies for roadway surrounding rock under closely spaced coal seam group mining is imperative. This paper systematically summarizes current research globally on stress distribution patterns of surrounding rock, main deformation and failure mechanisms of roadway surrounding rock (repeated mining impacts, strength weakening of surrounding rock, and unreasonable support, etc.), field monitoring and early warning, and currently adopted prevention technologies and measures (optimizing roadway layout to avoid stress concentration zones, adopting high-strength support systems, applying pressure relief and surrounding rock reinforcement technologies, etc.). Simultaneously, it supplements current deficiencies in this research domestically and internationally, such as intelligent monitoring and early warning systems, innovative application of support technologies, interdisciplinary research and comprehensive management, information-based management and technical support, and introduction of green environmental technologies. Finally, based on the above research, prospects for prevention and control technologies of roadway surrounding rock under closely spaced coal seam group mining are proposed.</p>