<p>Excavation of deep rock mass is often accompanied by a high risk of rockburst, to explore the characteristics of the rockburst mechanism of excavation of different sections of the roadway under various stress conditions, a mine in Huize, Yunnan Province, as the background of the project, the numerical simulation software FLAC3D was used to construct a transient excavation model, and the rockburst grade of the peripheral rocks of the excavated roadway, elastic-plastic zones, and displacement characteristics were analyzed, to restore the stress environment of the deep rock mass. The results show that the stress concentration of surrounding rock occurs in the roof and floor of the roadway; The distribution of the elastoplastic zone of circular roadway is elliptical; With the increase of buried depth, the rockburst grade, the size of the plastic zone and the displacement around the roadway increase correspondingly, and the rockburst grade coefficient and displacement of arched roadway are greater than that of circular roadway; The maximum displacement occurs at 0.5m away from the face of the palm during single cycle excavation. The numerical analysis software PFC2D is used to study the process of microcrack rupture, particle ejection and energy evolution during rockburst, the results show that microcracks start at the edge of the roadway and the initial crack, and gather in the roof and floor of the roadway to form fracture zones, the number and width of fracture zones increase with the increase of buried depth; The ejection kinetic energy of particles is converted from strain energy, and the ejection velocity is up to 25.47m/s. The results of rock burst characteristics under different side pressure coefficients show that the greater the |λ-1|, the higher the principal stress and rock burst grade in surrounding rock; The smaller |λ-1| is, the more uniform the distribution of stress and micro-cracks in the surrounding rock, and the distribution direction is mainly in the direction of low initial stress.</p>