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<p>Due to the substantial and stable electrical loads within the substation, and the increasing proportion of direct current (DC) loads, long-term operation relying solely on an alternating current (AC) bus leads to considerable energy losses. To address this issue, a grid-connected photovoltaic–battery–hydrogen hybrid microgrid system is proposed in this study, based on a substation located in Shijiazhuang. The system is optimized with respect to a comprehensive objective function, and its performance is evaluated using three key indicators: net present cost (NPC), levelized cost of energy (LCOE), and carbon emissions (CE). Three energy storage scenarios are considered: (i) without storage, (ii) with battery storage, and (iii) with both battery and fuel cell storage. A multi-scenario capacity configuration optimization is conducted using local environmental data, actual substation load profiles, and equipment specifications as input parameters. The results demonstrate that Scenario 3, which integrates hybrid energy storage, achieves the lowest value of the comprehensive objective function and exhibits superior economic and environmental performance compared to the other scenarios.</p>

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Optimization Design of Electric-Hydrogen Hybrid Microgrid for Substations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月3日

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  • Jizhi Su,
  • Yan Li,
  • Yaodong Song,
  • Wuchen Zhang,
  • Haifeng Yu,
  • Ligai Kang,
  • Xu Zhang,
  • Zihan Chai

摘要

Due to the substantial and stable electrical loads within the substation, and the increasing proportion of direct current (DC) loads, long-term operation relying solely on an alternating current (AC) bus leads to considerable energy losses. To address this issue, a grid-connected photovoltaic–battery–hydrogen hybrid microgrid system is proposed in this study, based on a substation located in Shijiazhuang. The system is optimized with respect to a comprehensive objective function, and its performance is evaluated using three key indicators: net present cost (NPC), levelized cost of energy (LCOE), and carbon emissions (CE). Three energy storage scenarios are considered: (i) without storage, (ii) with battery storage, and (iii) with both battery and fuel cell storage. A multi-scenario capacity configuration optimization is conducted using local environmental data, actual substation load profiles, and equipment specifications as input parameters. The results demonstrate that Scenario 3, which integrates hybrid energy storage, achieves the lowest value of the comprehensive objective function and exhibits superior economic and environmental performance compared to the other scenarios.