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<p>Chain graphs are {2<i>K</i><sub>2</sub>, <i>C</i><sub>3</sub>, <i>C</i><sub>5</sub>}-free graphs. Balaban index and sum-Balaban index are two important topological indices. In this paper, we concentrate on the subclass of bicyclic connected chain graphs, identifying the extremal graphs that exhibit the minimum or maximum Balaban index and sum-Balaban index within this class. Moreover, we provide a systematic ordering of all bicyclic connected chain graphs according to the magnitude of their Balaban index and sum-Balaban index.</p>

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Balaban index of bicyclic chain graphs

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月1日

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  • Xue-zheng Lv,
  • Meng-yu Ma,
  • Cheng-rui Wang

摘要

Chain graphs are {2K2, C3, C5}-free graphs. Balaban index and sum-Balaban index are two important topological indices. In this paper, we concentrate on the subclass of bicyclic connected chain graphs, identifying the extremal graphs that exhibit the minimum or maximum Balaban index and sum-Balaban index within this class. Moreover, we provide a systematic ordering of all bicyclic connected chain graphs according to the magnitude of their Balaban index and sum-Balaban index.