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<p>The pseudoscorpion genus <i>Bisetocreagris</i> represents a highly diverse yet morphologically conservative group within the family Neobisiidae, posing significant challenges for accurate species delimitation and phylogenetic placement. To address the critical lack of molecular resources for this lineage, we sequenced, annotated, and analyzed the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Bisetocreagris</i> sp. for the first time. The mitogenome is a circular DNA molecule of 14,427&#xa0;bp containing the typical 37 genes and exhibits a pronounced AT-rich composition (78.9%). Comparative analyses with three other pseudoscorpion species (<i>Bisetocreagris titanium</i>, <i>Pseudogarypus banksi</i>, and <i>Paratemnoides elongatus</i>) revealed conserved gene order but distinct nucleotide skewness patterns, particularly within the genus <i>Bisetocreagris</i>. Strong purifying selection was evident across all protein-coding genes (PCGs, Ka/Ks &lt; 1), with lineage-specific codon usage bias reflecting underlying mutational pressures. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on 13 PCGs identified a strongly supported sister relationship between <i>Bisetocreagris</i> sp. and <i>B. titanium</i>. This study provides the foundational mitogenomic data for <i>Bisetocreagris</i> sp., offering crucial molecular insights for clarifying species boundaries and evolutionary relationships within Neobisiidae. It establishes an essential genomic framework for future taxonomic revision and deeper phylogenetic investigations of Pseudoscorpiones.</p>

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Characteristics and evolutionary relationships of mitochondrial genome of Bisetocreagris sp. (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Yang Xu,
  • Gaoji Zhang,
  • Yingzhu Li,
  • Ming Gao,
  • Hongyi Liu

摘要

The pseudoscorpion genus Bisetocreagris represents a highly diverse yet morphologically conservative group within the family Neobisiidae, posing significant challenges for accurate species delimitation and phylogenetic placement. To address the critical lack of molecular resources for this lineage, we sequenced, annotated, and analyzed the complete mitochondrial genome of Bisetocreagris sp. for the first time. The mitogenome is a circular DNA molecule of 14,427 bp containing the typical 37 genes and exhibits a pronounced AT-rich composition (78.9%). Comparative analyses with three other pseudoscorpion species (Bisetocreagris titanium, Pseudogarypus banksi, and Paratemnoides elongatus) revealed conserved gene order but distinct nucleotide skewness patterns, particularly within the genus Bisetocreagris. Strong purifying selection was evident across all protein-coding genes (PCGs, Ka/Ks < 1), with lineage-specific codon usage bias reflecting underlying mutational pressures. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on 13 PCGs identified a strongly supported sister relationship between Bisetocreagris sp. and B. titanium. This study provides the foundational mitogenomic data for Bisetocreagris sp., offering crucial molecular insights for clarifying species boundaries and evolutionary relationships within Neobisiidae. It establishes an essential genomic framework for future taxonomic revision and deeper phylogenetic investigations of Pseudoscorpiones.