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<p>Black rice (Chak-Hao) (GI Application No. 602) of Manipur, a glutinous <i>Oryza sativa</i> L., is renowned for its high nutritional and therapeutic values, rich in anthocyanins, vitamins, and minerals. Its bioactive compounds provide antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-carcinogenic, and cardioprotective effects, contributing to human health and longevity. Despite its cultural and global significance, black rice cultivation is limited by low yield, susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses, and traditional farming practices, resulting in high market prices and unmet demand. Endophytic microorganisms, particularly bacteria and fungi, inhabit plant tissues without causing harm and can promote growth, enhance stress tolerance, and suppress pathogens through bioactive compounds. Surface-sterilized <i>O. sativa</i> L. seeds yield four endophytic bacterial isolates, of which strain SDC15 uniquely exhibited multiple plant growth–promoting and biocontrol traits, including phosphate solubilization, IAA and siderophore production, and hydrolytic enzyme activities. SDC15 tolerated wide ranges of pH, salinity, and temperature and showed strong antagonistic activity against <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, and <i>Pythium ultimum</i>. Whole-genome sequencing identified the strain SDC15 as <i>Bacillus siamensis</i> sdc15, with a ~ 4.02&#xa0;Mb draft genome encoding 4,293 genes, including numerous PGPT-, stress response, and biocontrol-related functions. It is closely related to <i>Bacillus siamensis</i> KCTC 13613. Genome mining revealed 22 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters, including known and putatively novel clusters and possess comprehensive nitrogen metabolism network, highlighting the strain’s strong potential for sustainable agricultural applications. This study establishes a foundation for integrating microbial strategies into black rice cultivation, contributing to sustainable agriculture, conservation of genetic diversity, and global food security.</p>

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Characterization of Bacillus siamensis sdc15 from Oryza sativa L. (Black Rice) seed reveals multifunctional plant growth-promoting and biocontrol traits

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Momota Potshangbam,
  • Ng Ngashangva,
  • Mohan Chandra Kalita,
  • Sarangthem Indira Devi

摘要

Black rice (Chak-Hao) (GI Application No. 602) of Manipur, a glutinous Oryza sativa L., is renowned for its high nutritional and therapeutic values, rich in anthocyanins, vitamins, and minerals. Its bioactive compounds provide antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-carcinogenic, and cardioprotective effects, contributing to human health and longevity. Despite its cultural and global significance, black rice cultivation is limited by low yield, susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses, and traditional farming practices, resulting in high market prices and unmet demand. Endophytic microorganisms, particularly bacteria and fungi, inhabit plant tissues without causing harm and can promote growth, enhance stress tolerance, and suppress pathogens through bioactive compounds. Surface-sterilized O. sativa L. seeds yield four endophytic bacterial isolates, of which strain SDC15 uniquely exhibited multiple plant growth–promoting and biocontrol traits, including phosphate solubilization, IAA and siderophore production, and hydrolytic enzyme activities. SDC15 tolerated wide ranges of pH, salinity, and temperature and showed strong antagonistic activity against Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Pythium ultimum. Whole-genome sequencing identified the strain SDC15 as Bacillus siamensis sdc15, with a ~ 4.02 Mb draft genome encoding 4,293 genes, including numerous PGPT-, stress response, and biocontrol-related functions. It is closely related to Bacillus siamensis KCTC 13613. Genome mining revealed 22 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters, including known and putatively novel clusters and possess comprehensive nitrogen metabolism network, highlighting the strain’s strong potential for sustainable agricultural applications. This study establishes a foundation for integrating microbial strategies into black rice cultivation, contributing to sustainable agriculture, conservation of genetic diversity, and global food security.