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<p>Novel strategies to enhance seed germination and the initial seedling establishment are required to strengthen crop production in rainfed regions, where drought stress episodes may happen just after sowing.&#xa0;This study evaluated whether nitric oxide (NO) mediated seed priming can improve the germination, seed vigor, water content, and initial seedling growth in the lentil genotypes DPL-58 (drought-resistant) and JL-3 (drought-susceptible). Seedlings were exposed to moderate (5%) and severe (10%) polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced drought stress. Results indicated that PEG-induced drought stress drastically decreased the germination traits and seedling assessment parameters, more intensely in JL-3. However, the treatment of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, counteracted the negative impact of stress by enhancing the germination traits, seed vigor index, water content, fresh-dry weight, and radicle-plumule length. Moreover, SNP at 100&#xa0;µM showed more prominent results in both lentil varieties. The results showed that (1) PEG-induced drought stress significantly impedes the germination ability, seedling growth, seed vigor, and water content; (2) the application of NO-mediated seed priming could effectively break the physiological dormancy of lentil seeds and promote germ elongation and seed vigor index under drought conditions. Overall, the positive effect of SNP towards resistance to the drought of <i>Vicia lens</i> will provide some practical basis for&#xa0;lentil cultivation. Multivariate analysis of data showed statistically significant differences among the various treatments, whereas the correlation coefficient matrix and principal component analysis account the variance in the data due to the application of NO. Thus, the retained results demonstrated that the application of NO on lentil seeds was effective in ameliorating the detrimental impact of drought on the initial seedling phase of the plant. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanism of early seedling adaptation to unfavourable environmental conditions and can guide the development of improved germination and seedling growth methods for lentil, enabling faster, more uniform, and vigorous growth in semi-arid regions. However, further research is required in natural environmental conditions to understand the biochemical, physiological, and molecular aspects of NO-mediated drought tolerance at other stages of plant development.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Unveiling the effective role of nitric oxide on seed germination and early seedling growth of lentil (Vicia lens (L.) Coss. & Germ.) under PEG-induced drought stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • Sakshi Saini,
  • Priyanka Sharma,
  • Pooja Pooja,
  • Rahul Thakur,
  • Asha Sharma

摘要

Novel strategies to enhance seed germination and the initial seedling establishment are required to strengthen crop production in rainfed regions, where drought stress episodes may happen just after sowing. This study evaluated whether nitric oxide (NO) mediated seed priming can improve the germination, seed vigor, water content, and initial seedling growth in the lentil genotypes DPL-58 (drought-resistant) and JL-3 (drought-susceptible). Seedlings were exposed to moderate (5%) and severe (10%) polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced drought stress. Results indicated that PEG-induced drought stress drastically decreased the germination traits and seedling assessment parameters, more intensely in JL-3. However, the treatment of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, counteracted the negative impact of stress by enhancing the germination traits, seed vigor index, water content, fresh-dry weight, and radicle-plumule length. Moreover, SNP at 100 µM showed more prominent results in both lentil varieties. The results showed that (1) PEG-induced drought stress significantly impedes the germination ability, seedling growth, seed vigor, and water content; (2) the application of NO-mediated seed priming could effectively break the physiological dormancy of lentil seeds and promote germ elongation and seed vigor index under drought conditions. Overall, the positive effect of SNP towards resistance to the drought of Vicia lens will provide some practical basis for lentil cultivation. Multivariate analysis of data showed statistically significant differences among the various treatments, whereas the correlation coefficient matrix and principal component analysis account the variance in the data due to the application of NO. Thus, the retained results demonstrated that the application of NO on lentil seeds was effective in ameliorating the detrimental impact of drought on the initial seedling phase of the plant. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanism of early seedling adaptation to unfavourable environmental conditions and can guide the development of improved germination and seedling growth methods for lentil, enabling faster, more uniform, and vigorous growth in semi-arid regions. However, further research is required in natural environmental conditions to understand the biochemical, physiological, and molecular aspects of NO-mediated drought tolerance at other stages of plant development.

Graphical Abstract