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<p>In many freshwater ecosystems, macrophytes are used to suppress the growth of cyanobacteria. However, sea-level rise and human activities have caused some systems to become temporarily or permanently saline, potentially reshaping the cyanobacteria-macrophyte interactions. This study explored the growth, physiology, and interactions of the macrophyte <i>Myriophyllum</i> sp. “Roraima” and the bloom-forming cyanobacterium <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> under a 7-day salinity stress expose. Controlled laboratory experiments were conducted at six salinities (0, 1.5, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 ppt), comparing monocultures and co-cultures of each species. Monitored parameters included growth, pigment contents, and oxidative stress/antioxidant capacity. Salinity exposure not only altered the growth and physiology of both species but also affect their interactions. In monoculture, <i>M. aeruginosa</i> density did not change with increasing salinity, whereas <i>Myriophyllum</i> sp. “Roraima” was markedly inhibited: root length and shoot length at 10 ppt were only 37.8% and 69.2% of the freshwater controls, respectively. In co-culture, however, <i>M. aeruginosa</i> was significantly suppressed as salinity increased—its highest density occurred at 1.5 ppt and declined to 29.8% of that value at 10 ppt; moreover, its antioxidant capacity was significantly lower than in monoculture. These findings demonstrate that salinization can shift cyanobacteria–macrophyte interactions: low salinities (0 to 1.5 ppt) favor cyanobacterial growth, whereas higher salinities (2.5 to 10 ppt) enhance macrophyte inhibition of cyanobacteria. These findings contribute to the conservation and management of freshwater ecosystems in coastal and saline-affected areas.</p>

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The effect of salinity on Myriophyllum sp. “Roraima” and Microcystis aeruginosa and their allelopathic interaction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月21日

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  • Mudalige Don Hiranya Jayasanka Senavirathna,
  • Hongyu Yan,
  • Ashika Wijesinghe

摘要

In many freshwater ecosystems, macrophytes are used to suppress the growth of cyanobacteria. However, sea-level rise and human activities have caused some systems to become temporarily or permanently saline, potentially reshaping the cyanobacteria-macrophyte interactions. This study explored the growth, physiology, and interactions of the macrophyte Myriophyllum sp. “Roraima” and the bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa under a 7-day salinity stress expose. Controlled laboratory experiments were conducted at six salinities (0, 1.5, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 ppt), comparing monocultures and co-cultures of each species. Monitored parameters included growth, pigment contents, and oxidative stress/antioxidant capacity. Salinity exposure not only altered the growth and physiology of both species but also affect their interactions. In monoculture, M. aeruginosa density did not change with increasing salinity, whereas Myriophyllum sp. “Roraima” was markedly inhibited: root length and shoot length at 10 ppt were only 37.8% and 69.2% of the freshwater controls, respectively. In co-culture, however, M. aeruginosa was significantly suppressed as salinity increased—its highest density occurred at 1.5 ppt and declined to 29.8% of that value at 10 ppt; moreover, its antioxidant capacity was significantly lower than in monoculture. These findings demonstrate that salinization can shift cyanobacteria–macrophyte interactions: low salinities (0 to 1.5 ppt) favor cyanobacterial growth, whereas higher salinities (2.5 to 10 ppt) enhance macrophyte inhibition of cyanobacteria. These findings contribute to the conservation and management of freshwater ecosystems in coastal and saline-affected areas.