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<p>The Dark Mahseer (<i>Naziritor chelynoides</i>) is a freshwater cyprinid fish species endemic to the fast-flowing streams of the Central and Western Himalayan foothills in India. Despite its recognized ecological importance, the taxonomic classification of this species has remained ambiguous. This study employs a combined approach of morphological analysis and DNA sequencing to clarify the systematic status and evolutionary relationships of <i>N. chelynoides</i>. The morphometric analysis identified distinctive features, including lateral line scales, body shape, and fin proportions, which facilitated the differentiation of <i>N. chelynoides</i> from other mahseer species, particularly those within the genus <i>Tor</i>. The newly sequenced mitogenome of <i>N. chelynoides</i> comprises 37 genes with a parallel strand orientation consistent with other teleost mitogenomes. The Bayesian phylogenetic inference, based on 13 protein-coding genes and two ribosomal RNA sequences, confirmed the distinct phylogenetic lineage of <i>N. chelynoides</i>, distinguishing the genus <i>Naziritor</i> from other genera of the subfamily Torinae. Moreover, species delimitation and population structure analyses based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene identified three Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs) and seven haplotypes within the Ganges River basin. The high genetic divergence among the ESUs and haplotypes indicates the presence of distinct population and/or potential cryptic diversity within <i>N. chelynoides</i>, particularly associated with specific microhabitats in the Tons River, Alakananda River, and regions of Nepal. Overall, this study highlights the genetic distinctiveness of <i>N. chelynoides</i>, reinforcing its taxonomic classification within the genus <i>Naziritor</i>, and emphasizes the need for additional genetic data for the congener <i>N. zhobensis</i> to further substantiate these findings. The observed genetic diversity and phylogeographic patterns further underscore the urgent need for targeted conservation measures to safeguard this vulnerable species and its critical riverine habitat extent across the Indian subcontinent.</p>

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Mitochondrial genome sequence of the Dark Mahseer (Naziritor chelynoides) supports its phylogenetic position within the subfamily Torinae and population structure across the Ganges River basin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月11日

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  • Boni Amin Laskar,
  • Pradosh Mahadani,
  • Abdulrahman H. Alessa,
  • Pubali Mitra,
  • Avtar Kaur Sidhu,
  • Sankar Kumar Ghosh,
  • Shantanu Kundu,
  • Subrata Trivedi

摘要

The Dark Mahseer (Naziritor chelynoides) is a freshwater cyprinid fish species endemic to the fast-flowing streams of the Central and Western Himalayan foothills in India. Despite its recognized ecological importance, the taxonomic classification of this species has remained ambiguous. This study employs a combined approach of morphological analysis and DNA sequencing to clarify the systematic status and evolutionary relationships of N. chelynoides. The morphometric analysis identified distinctive features, including lateral line scales, body shape, and fin proportions, which facilitated the differentiation of N. chelynoides from other mahseer species, particularly those within the genus Tor. The newly sequenced mitogenome of N. chelynoides comprises 37 genes with a parallel strand orientation consistent with other teleost mitogenomes. The Bayesian phylogenetic inference, based on 13 protein-coding genes and two ribosomal RNA sequences, confirmed the distinct phylogenetic lineage of N. chelynoides, distinguishing the genus Naziritor from other genera of the subfamily Torinae. Moreover, species delimitation and population structure analyses based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene identified three Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs) and seven haplotypes within the Ganges River basin. The high genetic divergence among the ESUs and haplotypes indicates the presence of distinct population and/or potential cryptic diversity within N. chelynoides, particularly associated with specific microhabitats in the Tons River, Alakananda River, and regions of Nepal. Overall, this study highlights the genetic distinctiveness of N. chelynoides, reinforcing its taxonomic classification within the genus Naziritor, and emphasizes the need for additional genetic data for the congener N. zhobensis to further substantiate these findings. The observed genetic diversity and phylogeographic patterns further underscore the urgent need for targeted conservation measures to safeguard this vulnerable species and its critical riverine habitat extent across the Indian subcontinent.