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<p>Numerous studies have been conducted in the fields of physiology and agriculture with the aim of mitigating the detrimental impacts of salinity on crops. The present investigation was carried out to assess the impact of pretreatment using selenium nanoparticles and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPRs) on enhancing the tolerance of foxtail millet to salinity-induced stress. Experimental treatments included the application of selenium nanoparticles at a concentration of 1&#xa0;mg L<sup>−1</sup>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i>, and three different levels of saline solution containing 0 (control), 100- and 200-mM sodium chloride. Within this research, foxtail millet seeds were subjected to priming with solutions comprising selenium nanoparticles, various bacteria strains, and a combination of both, subsequently being sown in pots and exposed to salinity stress after two weeks. Following a period of 10&#xa0;days under salinity stress conditions, the plants were harvested for further analysis. The findings derived from the evaluation of the growth, as well as biochemical, and physiological characteristics in this investigation indicated that pre-treated millet seeds in a selenium nanoparticles solution enhances the plant’s salinity stress tolerance through elevation of photosynthetic pigments, compatible solutes, mitigation of oxidative stress, preservation of cell membrane integrity, and reduction of sodium uptake. Moreover, the synergistic effects are more pronounced in the presence of PGPRs bacteria, such as <i>Bacillus cereus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i>. Pretreatment with <i>Bacillus cereus</i> + Se increased CAT, GPX, and APX activity by 22.6%, 38.8%, and 81.1%, respectively, under salinity stress at 200&#xa0;mM. Thus, <i>Bacillus cereus</i> + Se, pretreatment, by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, led to a reduction of approximately 16.2% and 31.5% in MDA content and other aldehydes, respectively, at 200&#xa0;mM NaCl. Consequently, it is recommended to combine these two biostimulators for immense effects. Furthermore, as the beneficial attributes of these bacteria remain largely unaffected by salinity stress, their conjunction with selenium in saline soils is deemed advantageous.</p>

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Effects of seed pretreatment by selenium nanoparticle and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on germination and early growth stage of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) under salinity stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月3日

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  • Fatemeh Aminian,
  • Fatemeh Nasibi,
  • Ghasem Mohammadinejad,
  • Rozita Kabiri

摘要

Numerous studies have been conducted in the fields of physiology and agriculture with the aim of mitigating the detrimental impacts of salinity on crops. The present investigation was carried out to assess the impact of pretreatment using selenium nanoparticles and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPRs) on enhancing the tolerance of foxtail millet to salinity-induced stress. Experimental treatments included the application of selenium nanoparticles at a concentration of 1 mg L−1, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and three different levels of saline solution containing 0 (control), 100- and 200-mM sodium chloride. Within this research, foxtail millet seeds were subjected to priming with solutions comprising selenium nanoparticles, various bacteria strains, and a combination of both, subsequently being sown in pots and exposed to salinity stress after two weeks. Following a period of 10 days under salinity stress conditions, the plants were harvested for further analysis. The findings derived from the evaluation of the growth, as well as biochemical, and physiological characteristics in this investigation indicated that pre-treated millet seeds in a selenium nanoparticles solution enhances the plant’s salinity stress tolerance through elevation of photosynthetic pigments, compatible solutes, mitigation of oxidative stress, preservation of cell membrane integrity, and reduction of sodium uptake. Moreover, the synergistic effects are more pronounced in the presence of PGPRs bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Pretreatment with Bacillus cereus + Se increased CAT, GPX, and APX activity by 22.6%, 38.8%, and 81.1%, respectively, under salinity stress at 200 mM. Thus, Bacillus cereus + Se, pretreatment, by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, led to a reduction of approximately 16.2% and 31.5% in MDA content and other aldehydes, respectively, at 200 mM NaCl. Consequently, it is recommended to combine these two biostimulators for immense effects. Furthermore, as the beneficial attributes of these bacteria remain largely unaffected by salinity stress, their conjunction with selenium in saline soils is deemed advantageous.