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<p>Schistosomiasis is a devastating neglected tropical disease occurring in the middle- and lower-income areas. An approximated estimate of 251.4 million individuals have been infected with this disease, 90% of whom are Africans. Trematodes of the genus <i>Schistosoma</i> are responsible for the investigated infection. For the transmission of these trematodes, an intermediate host snail is required; <i>Biomphalaria alexandrina</i> is accountable for the intestinal <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>, and <i>Bulinus truncatus</i> for urogenital<i> S. haematobium</i> in Africa. To summarize the various strategies implemented for eliminating schistosomiasis, this review was conducted. The most effective control strategies against schistosomiasis have been published by the World Health Organization (WHO) addressing the new&#xa0;neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in the road map 2021–2030. To apply this control strategy, a combination of the following instructions has been issued: chemotherapy with praziquantel for treating the infected people; controlling snail populations via mollusciciding; health education; environmental management; adequate sanitation; and safe water supplies. The purpose of snail’s density elimination has an essential role in reducing the transmission of this disease. With the aim of eradicating schistosomiasis vector snails, efforts were exerted to detect a natural molluscicide originated from plants, algae and microorganisms. This approach is comprised of biological control- with either predators of snails, competitors or microbial organisms-, ecological control- like the physico-chemical factors- and molluscicidal control, either by synthetic chemical materials or plant molluscicides. Mollusciciding would be more effective in reducing snail density, especially botanical molluscicides that could be used as promising agents to control schistosomiasis. By merging these strategies, the elimination of schistosomiasis could be possible.</p>

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Strategies for schistosomiasis control targeting snail intermediate hosts: A review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月22日

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  • Amina M. Ibrahim

摘要

Schistosomiasis is a devastating neglected tropical disease occurring in the middle- and lower-income areas. An approximated estimate of 251.4 million individuals have been infected with this disease, 90% of whom are Africans. Trematodes of the genus Schistosoma are responsible for the investigated infection. For the transmission of these trematodes, an intermediate host snail is required; Biomphalaria alexandrina is accountable for the intestinal Schistosoma mansoni, and Bulinus truncatus for urogenital S. haematobium in Africa. To summarize the various strategies implemented for eliminating schistosomiasis, this review was conducted. The most effective control strategies against schistosomiasis have been published by the World Health Organization (WHO) addressing the new neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in the road map 2021–2030. To apply this control strategy, a combination of the following instructions has been issued: chemotherapy with praziquantel for treating the infected people; controlling snail populations via mollusciciding; health education; environmental management; adequate sanitation; and safe water supplies. The purpose of snail’s density elimination has an essential role in reducing the transmission of this disease. With the aim of eradicating schistosomiasis vector snails, efforts were exerted to detect a natural molluscicide originated from plants, algae and microorganisms. This approach is comprised of biological control- with either predators of snails, competitors or microbial organisms-, ecological control- like the physico-chemical factors- and molluscicidal control, either by synthetic chemical materials or plant molluscicides. Mollusciciding would be more effective in reducing snail density, especially botanical molluscicides that could be used as promising agents to control schistosomiasis. By merging these strategies, the elimination of schistosomiasis could be possible.