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<p>This study explored the efficacy of methyl jasmonate (MJ) in reinforcing the immune system, affecting epigenetic regulation, influencing gene transcription, and conferring cadmium (Cd) tolerance. Basil seedlings were grown in the hormone-free culture medium containing MJ (0 or 10 µM) and/or Cd (0 or 100 µM). The results showed that MJ treatment significantly increased the fresh weight of leaves (31.6%), stems (17.9%), and roots (21.3%). The adverse impacts of Cd exposure on leaf (42.8%), stem (47%), and root (49.5%) biomass were mitigated by MJ application. The molecular assessment revealed a 47% DNA methylation across 49 methylation-susceptible loci. Notably, the common responses to the applied treatments were increases in unmethylated regions and decreases in fully methylated loci. The unique responses to individual Cd exposure were an increased internal cytosine-methylated loci. The MJ treatment upregulated the expression of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) genes by an average of 6.8-fold. The single Cd treatment transcriptionally downregulated the expression of both <i>CAT</i> and <i>SOD</i> genes. However, the MJ application mitigated these traits. Moreover, histochemical staining validated this hypothesis that MJ mitigates the oxidative stress imposed by Cd. The harmful effects of Cd on the photosynthetic pigments were significantly alleviated by MJ. Both MJ and/or Cd treatments also increased the concentration of proline amino acid and soluble phenols. The biochemical assays confirmed upregulation in activities of several stress-relevant enzymes, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), catalase, and peroxidase. This in vitro study highlights several significant molecular and physiological mechanisms by which MJ confers Cd tolerance.</p>

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Methyl jasmonate confers cadmium tolerance by modifying DNA methylation, adjusting gene transcription, and relieving metabolic impairments in basil (Ocimum basilicum); an in vitro risk assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Rozhan Rajabi,
  • Soheila Kamali,
  • Zahra Oraghi Ardebili,
  • Narges Oraghiardebili

摘要

This study explored the efficacy of methyl jasmonate (MJ) in reinforcing the immune system, affecting epigenetic regulation, influencing gene transcription, and conferring cadmium (Cd) tolerance. Basil seedlings were grown in the hormone-free culture medium containing MJ (0 or 10 µM) and/or Cd (0 or 100 µM). The results showed that MJ treatment significantly increased the fresh weight of leaves (31.6%), stems (17.9%), and roots (21.3%). The adverse impacts of Cd exposure on leaf (42.8%), stem (47%), and root (49.5%) biomass were mitigated by MJ application. The molecular assessment revealed a 47% DNA methylation across 49 methylation-susceptible loci. Notably, the common responses to the applied treatments were increases in unmethylated regions and decreases in fully methylated loci. The unique responses to individual Cd exposure were an increased internal cytosine-methylated loci. The MJ treatment upregulated the expression of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) genes by an average of 6.8-fold. The single Cd treatment transcriptionally downregulated the expression of both CAT and SOD genes. However, the MJ application mitigated these traits. Moreover, histochemical staining validated this hypothesis that MJ mitigates the oxidative stress imposed by Cd. The harmful effects of Cd on the photosynthetic pigments were significantly alleviated by MJ. Both MJ and/or Cd treatments also increased the concentration of proline amino acid and soluble phenols. The biochemical assays confirmed upregulation in activities of several stress-relevant enzymes, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), catalase, and peroxidase. This in vitro study highlights several significant molecular and physiological mechanisms by which MJ confers Cd tolerance.