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<p>Indium oxide (In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), possessing a suitable conduction band position, excellent chemical stability, tunable electronic structure, and fair visible-light responsiveness, shows broad application prospects in photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction reactions (CO<sub>2</sub>RR). However, In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> still faces challenges in practical applications, including rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers, limited visible-light utilization efficiency, and insufficient surface active sites. To enhance its photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub>RR performance, researchers have recently focused on structural optimization and property tuning through various modification strategies. Among these, heteroatomic doping effectively modulates the band structure by introducing impurity levels, broadening the light absorption range and promoting charge separation. Constructing heterostructures enhances carrier utilization efficiency by facilitating spatial separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs via the built-in electric field at the interface. Furthermore, introducing oxygen vacancies not only broadens the photoresponse range and creates defect energy levels but also serves as adsorption and activation sites for CO<sub>2</sub> molecules, significantly enhancing reaction activity and product selectivity. This review summarizes diverse approaches to improve the photocatalytic efficiency, selectivity, and durability of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, providing crucial guidance for achieving efficient solar energy conversion and carbon resource recycling.</p>

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Rational design of In2O3-based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction: recent advances and perspectives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Sengjie Qin,
  • Luya Jiang,
  • Lijian Sun,
  • Yuhan Wang,
  • ZhengGui Wei,
  • Jun Cheng,
  • Zhigang Gao

摘要

Indium oxide (In2O3), possessing a suitable conduction band position, excellent chemical stability, tunable electronic structure, and fair visible-light responsiveness, shows broad application prospects in photocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR). However, In2O3 still faces challenges in practical applications, including rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers, limited visible-light utilization efficiency, and insufficient surface active sites. To enhance its photocatalytic CO2RR performance, researchers have recently focused on structural optimization and property tuning through various modification strategies. Among these, heteroatomic doping effectively modulates the band structure by introducing impurity levels, broadening the light absorption range and promoting charge separation. Constructing heterostructures enhances carrier utilization efficiency by facilitating spatial separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs via the built-in electric field at the interface. Furthermore, introducing oxygen vacancies not only broadens the photoresponse range and creates defect energy levels but also serves as adsorption and activation sites for CO2 molecules, significantly enhancing reaction activity and product selectivity. This review summarizes diverse approaches to improve the photocatalytic efficiency, selectivity, and durability of In2O3, providing crucial guidance for achieving efficient solar energy conversion and carbon resource recycling.