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<p>Methotrexate is a commonly used anticancer drug having efficient antifolate effect, reducing the purines and pyrimidines production in cancerous cells. However, its excess amount in body can cause serious health problems, therefore precise detection of methotrexate in body fluids is necessary to avoid any harmful side effect. In the proposed work, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is casted with hydrothermally synthesized Zinc manganese oxide (ZnMnO<sub>3</sub>) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) novel composite as an electrochemical sensor to determine the concentrations of methotrexate in acetate buffer (pH 5.4). The Square wave voltammetry (SWV) is used to assess the effectiveness of designed electrochemical sensor towards different concentrations of methotrexate. The experimental procedure proved that oxidation of methotrexate is adsorption-controlled process. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments revealed that methotrexate exhibits anodic voltammetry behavior with broad peaks indicating the involvement of 2 electrons during oxidation process. The linear range for square wave voltammetry (SWV) is (1–10&#xa0;μM) and with limit of detection 0.017&#xa0;μM. The reproducibility, stability and repeatability tests resulted in RSD ≤ 5.Thus, the fabricated novel electrochemical sensor with high surface area and sensitivity can be used for assessment of methotrexate in laboratory procedures and real biological fluids including urine.</p>

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Sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of anticancer agent methotrexate via ZnMnO3/rGO modified glassy carbon electrode

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Uzma Majeed,
  • Sahar G. Tawfik,
  • Eman Alzahrani,
  • Lamia Abu El Maati,
  • Waqas Ul Arifeen,
  • Rizwan Ul Hassan,
  • Reda A. Haggam

摘要

Methotrexate is a commonly used anticancer drug having efficient antifolate effect, reducing the purines and pyrimidines production in cancerous cells. However, its excess amount in body can cause serious health problems, therefore precise detection of methotrexate in body fluids is necessary to avoid any harmful side effect. In the proposed work, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is casted with hydrothermally synthesized Zinc manganese oxide (ZnMnO3) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) novel composite as an electrochemical sensor to determine the concentrations of methotrexate in acetate buffer (pH 5.4). The Square wave voltammetry (SWV) is used to assess the effectiveness of designed electrochemical sensor towards different concentrations of methotrexate. The experimental procedure proved that oxidation of methotrexate is adsorption-controlled process. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments revealed that methotrexate exhibits anodic voltammetry behavior with broad peaks indicating the involvement of 2 electrons during oxidation process. The linear range for square wave voltammetry (SWV) is (1–10 μM) and with limit of detection 0.017 μM. The reproducibility, stability and repeatability tests resulted in RSD ≤ 5.Thus, the fabricated novel electrochemical sensor with high surface area and sensitivity can be used for assessment of methotrexate in laboratory procedures and real biological fluids including urine.