<p>The study focused on the preparation of carbonaceous material supported TiO<sub>2</sub> composite using a hydrothermal technique, and its application as a shale inhibitor in water-based mud (WBM). The activated carbon/anatase-TiO<sub>2</sub> (AC/TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles were synthesized using orange peel powder, which was then serve as a supported for anatase-TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles. The shale swelling mitigating characteristics of AC/TiO<sub>2</sub> composites was also compared with sodium alginate; a biopolymer obtained from brown algae. The result of the study reveals that the AC/TiO<sub>2</sub> composites were highly effective and played a pivotal role in inhibiting the shale swelling behavior. As the concentration of AC/TiO<sub>2</sub> composites increases in WBM, a significant reduction in swelling was recorded in linear dynamic swell-meter experiment. A minimum of 5.8% was recorded when 3.50&#xa0;g of AC/TiO<sub>2</sub> composites was used in WBM. In contrast, 5.25&#xa0;g of sodium alginate was also required to achieve the same shale swelling. This finding was also in good agreement with the ANOVA analysis, where AC/TiO<sub>2</sub> composites demonstrated <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:\:p-value\:&lt;\:0.05\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> confirming its statistical significance. Additionally, the predicted model generated by the CCD method performed efficiently at higher AC/TiO<sub>2</sub> concentration, showing good agreement between the model and the experimental results for samples containing higher weight of AC/TiO<sub>2</sub> composites.</p>

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Investigating the performance of TiO2/orange peel waste activated carbon on murree shale swelling inhibition: a central composite and experimental design study

  • Shaine Mohammadali Lalji,
  • Syed Imran Ali,
  • Farrukh Hafeez,
  • Mohsin Ayubi,
  • Zeeshan Ahmad Arfeen

摘要

The study focused on the preparation of carbonaceous material supported TiO2 composite using a hydrothermal technique, and its application as a shale inhibitor in water-based mud (WBM). The activated carbon/anatase-TiO2 (AC/TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized using orange peel powder, which was then serve as a supported for anatase-TiO2 nanoparticles. The shale swelling mitigating characteristics of AC/TiO2 composites was also compared with sodium alginate; a biopolymer obtained from brown algae. The result of the study reveals that the AC/TiO2 composites were highly effective and played a pivotal role in inhibiting the shale swelling behavior. As the concentration of AC/TiO2 composites increases in WBM, a significant reduction in swelling was recorded in linear dynamic swell-meter experiment. A minimum of 5.8% was recorded when 3.50 g of AC/TiO2 composites was used in WBM. In contrast, 5.25 g of sodium alginate was also required to achieve the same shale swelling. This finding was also in good agreement with the ANOVA analysis, where AC/TiO2 composites demonstrated \(\:\:p-value\:<\:0.05\) confirming its statistical significance. Additionally, the predicted model generated by the CCD method performed efficiently at higher AC/TiO2 concentration, showing good agreement between the model and the experimental results for samples containing higher weight of AC/TiO2 composites.