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<p>In this study, the synthesis parameters of nickel fluoroborate were determined, and its applicability on cotton fabrics was investigated. Nickel fluoroborate was synthesized using a wet chemical method with nickel oxide (NiO) and fluoroboric acid (HBF<sub>4</sub>) as reactants, where the key parameters investigated were the HBF<sub>4</sub>/NiO molar ratio, temperature, and reaction duration. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed for optimization, leading to the establishment of the following optimum synthesis conditions: a 4:1 molar ratio, a temperature of 90&#xa0;°C, and a duration of 100&#xa0;min. Under these conditions, nickel fluoroborate was produced with a 98% yield and 89.5% purity, and the product was comprehensively characterized using Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP–OES), Fluoroborate (BF<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup>) ion-selective electrode, X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). In the second phase of the study, the applicability of nickel fluoroborate to cotton fabrics was evaluated, and the LOI test results confirmed its effective flame-retardant performance. The study is considered novel and is expected to make significant contributions to the literature.</p>

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RSM-driven synthesis of nickel fluoroborate and its flame-retardant power on cotton

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Selçuk Arıkan,
  • Levent Nuralın,
  • Murat Bilen

摘要

In this study, the synthesis parameters of nickel fluoroborate were determined, and its applicability on cotton fabrics was investigated. Nickel fluoroborate was synthesized using a wet chemical method with nickel oxide (NiO) and fluoroboric acid (HBF4) as reactants, where the key parameters investigated were the HBF4/NiO molar ratio, temperature, and reaction duration. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed for optimization, leading to the establishment of the following optimum synthesis conditions: a 4:1 molar ratio, a temperature of 90 °C, and a duration of 100 min. Under these conditions, nickel fluoroborate was produced with a 98% yield and 89.5% purity, and the product was comprehensively characterized using Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP–OES), Fluoroborate (BF4−) ion-selective electrode, X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). In the second phase of the study, the applicability of nickel fluoroborate to cotton fabrics was evaluated, and the LOI test results confirmed its effective flame-retardant performance. The study is considered novel and is expected to make significant contributions to the literature.