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<p>Copper ferrite (CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles were synthesized by using an <i>Allium scorodoprasum</i> leaf extract to evaluate their structural properties and in vitro anticancer potential. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by PXRD, SEM-EDX, and FT-IR analyses. Their cytotoxic and apoptotic actions, and their modulatory capacity on the gene expression profiles were investigated by MTT assay and using MCF-7, A549, and L929 cell lines. PXRD confirmed a cubic spinel crystal structure with an average crystallite size of 25.38&#xa0;nm, while SEM analysis revealed heterogeneous particles with an average diameter of 75.26&#xa0;nm. The nanoparticles exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, RT-PCR results indicated significant alterations in the levels of pro-inflammatory gene expression. Flow cytometry confirmed that apoptosis was induced, while IL-1β and TNF-α expression levels were significantly upregulated. These findings together demonstrated that green-synthesized CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles possessed promising anticancer activities and deserved future in vivo studies.</p>

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Green synthesis of CuFe2O4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles using Allium scorodoprasum leaf extract: structural characterization and anticancer activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Kağan Ünal,
  • Osman Çaylak,
  • Serap Çetinkaya

摘要

Copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles were synthesized by using an Allium scorodoprasum leaf extract to evaluate their structural properties and in vitro anticancer potential. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by PXRD, SEM-EDX, and FT-IR analyses. Their cytotoxic and apoptotic actions, and their modulatory capacity on the gene expression profiles were investigated by MTT assay and using MCF-7, A549, and L929 cell lines. PXRD confirmed a cubic spinel crystal structure with an average crystallite size of 25.38 nm, while SEM analysis revealed heterogeneous particles with an average diameter of 75.26 nm. The nanoparticles exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, RT-PCR results indicated significant alterations in the levels of pro-inflammatory gene expression. Flow cytometry confirmed that apoptosis was induced, while IL-1β and TNF-α expression levels were significantly upregulated. These findings together demonstrated that green-synthesized CuFe2O4 nanoparticles possessed promising anticancer activities and deserved future in vivo studies.