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<p>Textile industry effluents significantly contribute to water pollution. In this research, four types of green metal oxide nano catalysts were synthesis with general formulas Zinc oxide, Zinc ferrite, Cobalt oxide, and Cobalt ferrite. The nanocatalysts were prepared using a green co-precipitation method assisted by mechanical stirring, followed by calcination at 400&#xa0;°C to obtain well-crystallized structures. The synthesized nanocatalysts were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Studies revealed maximum adsorption for Zinc oxide (35&#xa0;mg/g), Cobalt oxide (39&#xa0;mg/g) at neutral pH (7), while Zinc ferrite (30&#xa0;mg/g) and Cobalt ferrite (28&#xa0;mg/g) showed optimal adsorption at pH 10. The adsorption efficiency increased with catalyst dosage up to a limit, with optimum adsorption occurring at 90&#xa0;min and 25&#xa0;mg/L initial dye concentration. Surfactants, detergents, and electrolytes reduced adsorption. Among the nanocatalysts, Zinc oxide and Zinc ferrite synthesized by mechanically stirred co-precipitation and are promising for wastewater treatment In this work, four green-synthesised nanocatalysts are compared, with ZnO and ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> being the most effective. In this work, four green-synthesised nanocatalysts are compared, with ZnO and ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> being the most effective. Mechanistic insights from adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics provide a deeper understanding of the adsorption processes. These findings demonstrate a sustainable and practical approach for the remediation of textile wastewater. The Langmuir model exhibited good fit with equilibrium data, indicating the complex nature of nanocatalysts, while the pseudo-second-order model fit well with kinetic data, determining the rate of adsorption processes.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Green synthesis and comparative analysis of zinc and cobalt-based oxide and ferrite nanocatalysts for efficient Actacryl Red GRL dye removal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月10日

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  • Sara Anwar,
  • Ruba Munir,
  • Sana Shahid,
  • Gadah Albasher,
  • Faheem Abbas,
  • Saima Noreen

摘要

Textile industry effluents significantly contribute to water pollution. In this research, four types of green metal oxide nano catalysts were synthesis with general formulas Zinc oxide, Zinc ferrite, Cobalt oxide, and Cobalt ferrite. The nanocatalysts were prepared using a green co-precipitation method assisted by mechanical stirring, followed by calcination at 400 °C to obtain well-crystallized structures. The synthesized nanocatalysts were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Studies revealed maximum adsorption for Zinc oxide (35 mg/g), Cobalt oxide (39 mg/g) at neutral pH (7), while Zinc ferrite (30 mg/g) and Cobalt ferrite (28 mg/g) showed optimal adsorption at pH 10. The adsorption efficiency increased with catalyst dosage up to a limit, with optimum adsorption occurring at 90 min and 25 mg/L initial dye concentration. Surfactants, detergents, and electrolytes reduced adsorption. Among the nanocatalysts, Zinc oxide and Zinc ferrite synthesized by mechanically stirred co-precipitation and are promising for wastewater treatment In this work, four green-synthesised nanocatalysts are compared, with ZnO and ZnFe2O4 being the most effective. In this work, four green-synthesised nanocatalysts are compared, with ZnO and ZnFe2O4 being the most effective. Mechanistic insights from adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics provide a deeper understanding of the adsorption processes. These findings demonstrate a sustainable and practical approach for the remediation of textile wastewater. The Langmuir model exhibited good fit with equilibrium data, indicating the complex nature of nanocatalysts, while the pseudo-second-order model fit well with kinetic data, determining the rate of adsorption processes.

Graphical abstract