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<p>Magnetorheological (MR) fluids which are characterized by their field-responsive rheological characteristics are very common in most engineering applications. In this study, a carrier fluid was silicone oil, carbonyl iron powder (1&#xa0;µm and 5&#xa0;µm) as the additives, and the final concentration of ferrofluid additives (1% and 2% denoted as MR-1 and MR-2) were optimized to form an MR fluid. A new Hybrid Ant Colony and African Buffalo Optimization (HACABO) algorithm was used to increase the total performance by reducing the sedimentation. Experiments showed that the fluid that has been optimized could attain a yield stress of 9000&#xa0;Pa with a magnetic field strength of 400&#xa0;kA/m. The braking torque rose by 22.04 percent, that is, 63.38&#xa0;Nm to 85.32&#xa0;Nm. The stabilities of the sedimentation were also greatly enhanced and the MR-1 formulated had sedimentation ratios of 95% (analytical) and 89% (experimental), as opposed to 90% with pure carbonyl iron and 81% with coated particles. The fluid was also optimized and showed better performance in terms of viscosity at various shear rates. More so, as the magnetic field strength was increased, the storage and loss moduli increased which means that the viscoelastic behavior was improved. The HACABO-MR fluid formulation has a high potential of high-efficiency damping, including rotary braking systems.</p>

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Rheological characterization and sedimentation stability of ferrofluid-modified magnetorheological fluids optimized via a novel hybrid algorithm

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • S. S. Stalin,
  • P. Balamurugan,
  • M. Uthayakumar,
  • M. Pethuraj

摘要

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids which are characterized by their field-responsive rheological characteristics are very common in most engineering applications. In this study, a carrier fluid was silicone oil, carbonyl iron powder (1 µm and 5 µm) as the additives, and the final concentration of ferrofluid additives (1% and 2% denoted as MR-1 and MR-2) were optimized to form an MR fluid. A new Hybrid Ant Colony and African Buffalo Optimization (HACABO) algorithm was used to increase the total performance by reducing the sedimentation. Experiments showed that the fluid that has been optimized could attain a yield stress of 9000 Pa with a magnetic field strength of 400 kA/m. The braking torque rose by 22.04 percent, that is, 63.38 Nm to 85.32 Nm. The stabilities of the sedimentation were also greatly enhanced and the MR-1 formulated had sedimentation ratios of 95% (analytical) and 89% (experimental), as opposed to 90% with pure carbonyl iron and 81% with coated particles. The fluid was also optimized and showed better performance in terms of viscosity at various shear rates. More so, as the magnetic field strength was increased, the storage and loss moduli increased which means that the viscoelastic behavior was improved. The HACABO-MR fluid formulation has a high potential of high-efficiency damping, including rotary braking systems.