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<p>Hydrazine is an inorganic compound, an excellent propellant and a strong reducing agent with large industrial applications. Nonetheless, it is a highly persistent pollutant and a potential carcinogen that needs to be analyzed in the water environment for human well-being. Crystal violet is an excellent colorimetric probe toward hydrazine with high efficiency at nanomolar level, rapid detection responses in a few minutes and excellent selectivity over inorganic ions and natural organic matter. The proposed method achieved appropriate recoveries (i.e., 96–110%) in tap water and industrial wastewater samples. The limit of detection (LOD) was measured as 2.0&#xa0;nM, while the relative standard deviation (R.S.D) was found as 2.6%. The colorimetric responses were detected through naked eyes and further assisted via smartphone. The crystal violet colorimetric probe provided a useful analytical method for the detection of nanomolar concentration of carcinogenic hydrazine in drinking and environmental water samples.</p>

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A smartphone-assisted simple, rapid and highly selective assay for hydrazine in environmental samples employing crystal violet as colorimetric probe

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月18日

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  • Sarzamin Khan,
  • Sana Ijaz,
  • Iqra Ali,
  • Uzma Nawaz,
  • Sanaullah Khan,
  • Nazish Huma Khan,
  • Carlos A. T. Toloza,
  • Eman Alzahrani,
  • Zaibi

摘要

Hydrazine is an inorganic compound, an excellent propellant and a strong reducing agent with large industrial applications. Nonetheless, it is a highly persistent pollutant and a potential carcinogen that needs to be analyzed in the water environment for human well-being. Crystal violet is an excellent colorimetric probe toward hydrazine with high efficiency at nanomolar level, rapid detection responses in a few minutes and excellent selectivity over inorganic ions and natural organic matter. The proposed method achieved appropriate recoveries (i.e., 96–110%) in tap water and industrial wastewater samples. The limit of detection (LOD) was measured as 2.0 nM, while the relative standard deviation (R.S.D) was found as 2.6%. The colorimetric responses were detected through naked eyes and further assisted via smartphone. The crystal violet colorimetric probe provided a useful analytical method for the detection of nanomolar concentration of carcinogenic hydrazine in drinking and environmental water samples.