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<p>Millet is a desirable crop due to its adaptability to climate change and its contribution to sustainable development goals (SDGs) in agronomic relevance and food value. The present study examines the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm properties of bioactive compounds and the proximate composition of three millets, <i>viz. Echinochloa frumentacea</i>, <i>Paspalum scrobiculatum</i>, and <i>Panicum sumatrense</i> were cultivated in Panchal, Bankura, West Bengal, India. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is employed to detect the presence of bioactive compounds. Further, total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant properties were examined. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity was performed against the ethanolic extract of <i>P. scrobiculatum</i>. <i>E. frumentacea</i> and <i>P. sumatrense</i> against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (ATCC 10145), <i>E. coli</i> (ATCC 25922), and <i>S. aureus</i> (ATCC 6538). The carbohydrate content is highest in <i>P. scrobiculatum</i>. <i>E. frumentacea</i> and <i>P. sumatrense</i> possess a significant protein content. <i>Echinochloa frumentacea</i> contains the maximum fat content. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detected the presence of hydrocarbon, fatty acid, and fatty amide compounds in the acidified methanolic extracts of millets. <i>P. scrobiculatum</i> showed the highest phenolic (203.25 ± 10.16 mgGAE/100&#xa0;g) and flavonoid (179.02 ± 8.95 mgQE/100&#xa0;g) content. <i>E. frumentacea</i> showed the maximum antioxidant activity (91.02 ± 4.56%) and maximum inhibition efficacy (90.56 ± 5.13%) against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. In conclusion, the <i>P. scrobiculatum</i>. <i>E. frumentacea</i> and <i>P. sumatrense</i> contain significant macronutrients and antioxidant activity. <i>E. frumentacea</i> possesses maximum antimicrobial efficacy against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (ATCC 10145). Molecular docking interaction studies revealed the maximum binding energy (-8.2&#xa0;kcal/mol) for <i>cis</i>-stilbene against LasR from <i>P. aeruginosa.</i></p>

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Unlocking the functional and nutritional potential of climate-resilient small millets: a comparative analysis of antioxidant and antimicrobial potential and in silico studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月29日

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  • Saikat Mazumder,
  • Rupsa Bhattacharya,
  • Debasmita Bhattacharya,
  • Dibyajit Lahiri,
  • Debanjan Mitra,
  • Moupriya Nag

摘要

Millet is a desirable crop due to its adaptability to climate change and its contribution to sustainable development goals (SDGs) in agronomic relevance and food value. The present study examines the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm properties of bioactive compounds and the proximate composition of three millets, viz. Echinochloa frumentacea, Paspalum scrobiculatum, and Panicum sumatrense were cultivated in Panchal, Bankura, West Bengal, India. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is employed to detect the presence of bioactive compounds. Further, total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant properties were examined. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity was performed against the ethanolic extract of P. scrobiculatum. E. frumentacea and P. sumatrense against P. aeruginosa (ATCC 10145), E. coli (ATCC 25922), and S. aureus (ATCC 6538). The carbohydrate content is highest in P. scrobiculatum. E. frumentacea and P. sumatrense possess a significant protein content. Echinochloa frumentacea contains the maximum fat content. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detected the presence of hydrocarbon, fatty acid, and fatty amide compounds in the acidified methanolic extracts of millets. P. scrobiculatum showed the highest phenolic (203.25 ± 10.16 mgGAE/100 g) and flavonoid (179.02 ± 8.95 mgQE/100 g) content. E. frumentacea showed the maximum antioxidant activity (91.02 ± 4.56%) and maximum inhibition efficacy (90.56 ± 5.13%) against P. aeruginosa. In conclusion, the P. scrobiculatum. E. frumentacea and P. sumatrense contain significant macronutrients and antioxidant activity. E. frumentacea possesses maximum antimicrobial efficacy against P. aeruginosa (ATCC 10145). Molecular docking interaction studies revealed the maximum binding energy (-8.2 kcal/mol) for cis-stilbene against LasR from P. aeruginosa.