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<p>In light of growing concerns over the health risks associated with conventional plastic films used in food preservation, the development of functional films derived from non-toxic, antioxidant-rich bioresources has emerged as a promising and sustainable alternative. In this study, naturally available chitosan (CS), based multifunctional films were fabricated by incorporating <b>Epoxidized Cardanol (EC)</b>, a renewable modifier derived from cashew nut shell liquid (viz. Cardanol). Epoxy cardanol exhibits a pronounced plasticizing effect on chitosan films through chemical interactions between the amino groups of chitosan and the epoxy functionality of cardanol derivative. The inclusion of e<b>poxidized cardanol</b> markedly influenced the physicochemical properties of the chitosan films, leading to a reduction in moisture content from 16.30% (pure chitosan) to 7.80% (modified films) and a decrease in water solubility from 15.07% to 5.32% and inducing notable changes in their structural and thermal behavior. Surface analysis using SEM confirmed the effective functionalization and plasticizing effect of epoxy cardanol within the chitosan matrix. The films’ antioxidant efficacy was greatly improved by the addition of <b>epoxidized cardanol</b>, which increased the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity from 37.4% in pure chitosan films to 88.7% in the modified films. Furthermore, the UV-shielding capacity improved substantially, with the highest epicard-loaded formulation (M-D) exhibiting near-zero transmittance in the UVC and UVB regions and only partial transmittance in the UVA region, at the same time retaining good transparency in the visible part. These enhancements demonstrated the multifunctional nature of CS/EC films, highlighting their strong potential as active packaging materials capable of improving product stability and serving as sustainable alternatives to conventional plastic films in the food processing sector. </p>

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Multifunctional biobased films from chitosan and epoxidized cardanol exhibiting enhanced Antioxidant and UV - shielding performance for active food packaging

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月16日

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  • Anjitha V V,
  • Chandrasekar Kuppan

摘要

In light of growing concerns over the health risks associated with conventional plastic films used in food preservation, the development of functional films derived from non-toxic, antioxidant-rich bioresources has emerged as a promising and sustainable alternative. In this study, naturally available chitosan (CS), based multifunctional films were fabricated by incorporating Epoxidized Cardanol (EC), a renewable modifier derived from cashew nut shell liquid (viz. Cardanol). Epoxy cardanol exhibits a pronounced plasticizing effect on chitosan films through chemical interactions between the amino groups of chitosan and the epoxy functionality of cardanol derivative. The inclusion of epoxidized cardanol markedly influenced the physicochemical properties of the chitosan films, leading to a reduction in moisture content from 16.30% (pure chitosan) to 7.80% (modified films) and a decrease in water solubility from 15.07% to 5.32% and inducing notable changes in their structural and thermal behavior. Surface analysis using SEM confirmed the effective functionalization and plasticizing effect of epoxy cardanol within the chitosan matrix. The films’ antioxidant efficacy was greatly improved by the addition of epoxidized cardanol, which increased the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity from 37.4% in pure chitosan films to 88.7% in the modified films. Furthermore, the UV-shielding capacity improved substantially, with the highest epicard-loaded formulation (M-D) exhibiting near-zero transmittance in the UVC and UVB regions and only partial transmittance in the UVA region, at the same time retaining good transparency in the visible part. These enhancements demonstrated the multifunctional nature of CS/EC films, highlighting their strong potential as active packaging materials capable of improving product stability and serving as sustainable alternatives to conventional plastic films in the food processing sector.