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<p><i>Crataegus pinnatifida</i> fruits, known for their medicinal and nutritional properties, are notable for the diverse bioactivities of their polysaccharides. This study isolated two polysaccharides from <i>Crataegus pinnatifida</i> fruits (CPS), namely CPS-1 and CPS-2, with average molecular weights of 4.81&#xa0;kDa and 5.02&#xa0;kDa, respectively. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that both CPSs consisted of arabinose (Ara), rhamnose (Rha), galactose (Gal), glucose (Glc), xylose (Xyl), fucose (Fuc), and galacturonic acid (GalA), but in distinct molar ratios. Structural characterization revealed distinct glycosidic linkage patterns, with CPS-2 displaying a more extensively branched architecture. The backbone of CPS-2 comprised → 4)-α-D-Gal<i>p</i>A-6-OMe-(1 → residues, along with multiple side chains. Both polysaccharides exhibited antioxidant activity at a concentration of 5&#xa0;mg/mL in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and hydroxyl radical assays. In the oleic acid (OA)-induced HepG2 cellular steatosis model, CPS-1 and CPS-2 exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in lipid droplet accumulation. At a concentration of 250&#xa0;μg/mL, CPS-2 effectively decreased total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels to 0.25 ± 0.005, 0.5 ± 0.007, and 0.048 ± 0.003&#xa0;mmol/g prot, respectively. It also elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to 0.62 ± 0.01&#xa0;mmol/g prot. Mechanistic investigations utilizing quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot analyses showed that CPS-2 downregulates SREBP-1c. These findings underscore the potential of <i>Crataegus pinnatifida</i> fruit polysaccharides as promising natural agents with dual antioxidant and lipid-lowering properties, suggesting their potential as therapeutic candidates for managing disorders of lipid metabolism.</p>

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Structural characterization and in vitro lipid-lowering activities of polysaccharides from Crataegus pinnatifida fruits

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Rong Chen,
  • Huiling Dong,
  • Ting Yang,
  • Pinyi Gao,
  • Danqi Li,
  • Xuegui Liu

摘要

Crataegus pinnatifida fruits, known for their medicinal and nutritional properties, are notable for the diverse bioactivities of their polysaccharides. This study isolated two polysaccharides from Crataegus pinnatifida fruits (CPS), namely CPS-1 and CPS-2, with average molecular weights of 4.81 kDa and 5.02 kDa, respectively. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that both CPSs consisted of arabinose (Ara), rhamnose (Rha), galactose (Gal), glucose (Glc), xylose (Xyl), fucose (Fuc), and galacturonic acid (GalA), but in distinct molar ratios. Structural characterization revealed distinct glycosidic linkage patterns, with CPS-2 displaying a more extensively branched architecture. The backbone of CPS-2 comprised → 4)-α-D-GalpA-6-OMe-(1 → residues, along with multiple side chains. Both polysaccharides exhibited antioxidant activity at a concentration of 5 mg/mL in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and hydroxyl radical assays. In the oleic acid (OA)-induced HepG2 cellular steatosis model, CPS-1 and CPS-2 exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in lipid droplet accumulation. At a concentration of 250 μg/mL, CPS-2 effectively decreased total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels to 0.25 ± 0.005, 0.5 ± 0.007, and 0.048 ± 0.003 mmol/g prot, respectively. It also elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to 0.62 ± 0.01 mmol/g prot. Mechanistic investigations utilizing quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot analyses showed that CPS-2 downregulates SREBP-1c. These findings underscore the potential of Crataegus pinnatifida fruit polysaccharides as promising natural agents with dual antioxidant and lipid-lowering properties, suggesting their potential as therapeutic candidates for managing disorders of lipid metabolism.