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<p>Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) is a profound medicinal and edible plant. Its fruits, leaves, and seeds are rich in chemical constituents, including triterpenoid acids, phenolics, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. Studies have shown that these components exhibit significant lipid-lowering effects, indicating substantial potential for pharmacological development. Further research has revealed that hawthorn exerts its lipid-lowering effects by modulating the activity and expression of lipid metabolism-related enzymes, as well as through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and free radical-scavenging activities. These processes involve multiple signaling pathways, including the AMPK signaling pathway. In this systematic review, relevant literature was retrieved from databases such as Web of Science, X-MOL, Science Direct, PubMed, TCMSP, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). The current advances regarding the types of lipid-lowering active ingredients in hawthorn, their underlying mechanisms of action, and their applications in food and medicine are comprehensively summarized. This review aims to provide insights and references for further research and utilization of hawthorn’s lipid-lowering properties. Future efforts should focus on intensifying research and development to fully exploit the potential of hawthorn’s lipid-lowering components in the food and pharmaceutical industries.</p>

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Hypolipidemic active components and mechanisms of action of hawthorn (Crataegus L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Xiaobo Xu,
  • Tong Wang,
  • Wencai Song,
  • Ping Xu,
  • Leishan Chen,
  • Kun Zhao,
  • Hanna Fotina,
  • Yongchao Li

摘要

Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) is a profound medicinal and edible plant. Its fruits, leaves, and seeds are rich in chemical constituents, including triterpenoid acids, phenolics, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. Studies have shown that these components exhibit significant lipid-lowering effects, indicating substantial potential for pharmacological development. Further research has revealed that hawthorn exerts its lipid-lowering effects by modulating the activity and expression of lipid metabolism-related enzymes, as well as through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and free radical-scavenging activities. These processes involve multiple signaling pathways, including the AMPK signaling pathway. In this systematic review, relevant literature was retrieved from databases such as Web of Science, X-MOL, Science Direct, PubMed, TCMSP, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). The current advances regarding the types of lipid-lowering active ingredients in hawthorn, their underlying mechanisms of action, and their applications in food and medicine are comprehensively summarized. This review aims to provide insights and references for further research and utilization of hawthorn’s lipid-lowering properties. Future efforts should focus on intensifying research and development to fully exploit the potential of hawthorn’s lipid-lowering components in the food and pharmaceutical industries.