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<p><i>Garcinia atroviridis</i> is known as a flavor enhancer in food and used as traditional medicine in Indonesia. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effect of solvent polarity on the metabolite profile using LC-HRMS and level of antioxidant and antiobesity activity of <i>G. atroviridis</i>. Water, 50% ethanol, and absolute ethanol were used as extracting solvents. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used for classification based on extracting solvents. Antioxidant capacity was determined using the DPPH and CUPRAC methods, while the antiobesity activity was assessed based on pancreatic lipase inhibition. Putative metabolite identification successfully annotated 16 compounds with 50% ethanol extract gave the highest number of identified metabolites. PCA score plot showed successful grouping of the three extracts, while PLS-DA also classified the samples, identifying nine distinct compounds in all extracts. absolute ethanol extract exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, with 50.59 ± 1.00 and 49.03 ± 0.35&#xa0;mg AA/g dry extract using the DPPH and CUPRAC methods, respectively. Additionally, at a 100&#xa0;µg/mL, this extract displayed the highest pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, reducing enzyme activity by 28.85%. These findings indicate that different solvent extraction gave distinct characteristics for <i>G. atroviridis</i> extracts that can serve as references for future applications, especially in the food, health, and pharmaceutical industries in producing standardized plant extracts with specific bioactive compounds and benefits.</p>

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LC-HRMS-based metabolomics and evaluation of its biological activity of Garcinia atroviridis with different extracting solvents

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月18日

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  • Trivadila,
  • Dewi Anggraini Septaningsih,
  • Alfi Hudatul Karomah,
  • Retti Hanggia Anggela,
  • Susi Indariani,
  • Taopik Ridwan,
  • Min Rahminiwati,
  • Siti Sa’diah,
  • Dyah Iswantini,
  • Mohamad Rafi

摘要

Garcinia atroviridis is known as a flavor enhancer in food and used as traditional medicine in Indonesia. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effect of solvent polarity on the metabolite profile using LC-HRMS and level of antioxidant and antiobesity activity of G. atroviridis. Water, 50% ethanol, and absolute ethanol were used as extracting solvents. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used for classification based on extracting solvents. Antioxidant capacity was determined using the DPPH and CUPRAC methods, while the antiobesity activity was assessed based on pancreatic lipase inhibition. Putative metabolite identification successfully annotated 16 compounds with 50% ethanol extract gave the highest number of identified metabolites. PCA score plot showed successful grouping of the three extracts, while PLS-DA also classified the samples, identifying nine distinct compounds in all extracts. absolute ethanol extract exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, with 50.59 ± 1.00 and 49.03 ± 0.35 mg AA/g dry extract using the DPPH and CUPRAC methods, respectively. Additionally, at a 100 µg/mL, this extract displayed the highest pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, reducing enzyme activity by 28.85%. These findings indicate that different solvent extraction gave distinct characteristics for G. atroviridis extracts that can serve as references for future applications, especially in the food, health, and pharmaceutical industries in producing standardized plant extracts with specific bioactive compounds and benefits.