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<p>In this study, mulberry anthocyanins (MA) and antibacterial agent nisin were incorporated into a cassava starch/polyvinyl alcohol matrix (CS/PVA) to develop an intelligent pH indicator film. The effects of MA and nisin on the structural characteristics and functional properties of films, as well as their pH-indicating capabilities, were systematically evaluated for applications in monitoring and preserving strawberry freshness. The incorporation of MA significantly reduced the water content and water vapor permeability of the films. FTIR, XRD, and SEM analyses revealed that MA stabilized the particle dispersion system via hydrogen bonding, thereby enhancing the integration of nisin within the CS/PVA (CP) substrate. The interaction between MA and nisin endowed CP-MA-N film with superior antioxidant activity (with a DPPH free radical scavenging rate of approximately 81%) and enhanced antibacterial efficacy against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Both CP film and CP-MA-N film showed pronounced color sensitivity in the range of pH 2–12. When films were applied to strawberry, results showed that CP-MA-N film prolonged the shelf life of strawberries by 3 days while maintaining effective freshness monitoring capabilities through visible color changes. Considering its physical and functional properties, CP-MA-N film shows promising potential as a smart packaging material.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Preparation of intelligent pH indicator film loaded with mulberry anthocyanins and Nisin and its application in strawberry preservation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月26日

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  • Huijing Chao,
  • Pingyu Ge,
  • Yunxiao Xia,
  • Jiale Mao,
  • Mingzu Wang,
  • Weizhuo Xu,
  • Xu Zhao

摘要

In this study, mulberry anthocyanins (MA) and antibacterial agent nisin were incorporated into a cassava starch/polyvinyl alcohol matrix (CS/PVA) to develop an intelligent pH indicator film. The effects of MA and nisin on the structural characteristics and functional properties of films, as well as their pH-indicating capabilities, were systematically evaluated for applications in monitoring and preserving strawberry freshness. The incorporation of MA significantly reduced the water content and water vapor permeability of the films. FTIR, XRD, and SEM analyses revealed that MA stabilized the particle dispersion system via hydrogen bonding, thereby enhancing the integration of nisin within the CS/PVA (CP) substrate. The interaction between MA and nisin endowed CP-MA-N film with superior antioxidant activity (with a DPPH free radical scavenging rate of approximately 81%) and enhanced antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Both CP film and CP-MA-N film showed pronounced color sensitivity in the range of pH 2–12. When films were applied to strawberry, results showed that CP-MA-N film prolonged the shelf life of strawberries by 3 days while maintaining effective freshness monitoring capabilities through visible color changes. Considering its physical and functional properties, CP-MA-N film shows promising potential as a smart packaging material.

Graphical Abstract