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<p>Aflatoxins (AFs), carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i> and <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>, frequently contaminate food commodities, posing global health risks. This study evaluates recent advancements in aflatoxin detection using next-generation technologies like mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and immunoaffinity chromatography, to enhancing improved accuracy, sensitivity, and efficiency. The innovations in the food processing, agriculture, and pharmaceutical sectors have been explored in the study, focusing on improved detection and mitigation strategies. These developments offer greater precision in both quantification and qualitative profiling of aflatoxins, addressing global food safety challenges. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FL) has achieved a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.05&#xa0;ng/mL, improving sensitivity by 15%. Immunoaffinity chromatography has increased AFs recovery rates by 30%, offering greater accuracy in high-fat matrices like nuts and oils. Electrochemical immunosensors have shown a 20% increase in detection accuracy. Liquid–liquid microextraction (LLME) has reduced solvent use by 20%, promoting more sustainable testing. HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS) has improved detection accuracy by 25%, enabling simultaneous detection of multiple AFs, including AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2, with a LOD of 0.03–2.23&#xa0;μg/kg. These advancements have led to a worldwide reduction in AF levels, driven by precise, rapid, and specific detection techniques. This review critically assesses these methods, highlights their advantages and limitations, and emphasizes the need for harmonized testing protocols and regulatory compliance. By advancing aflatoxin analytical techniques, this study contributes to a prospective approach toward safeguarding public health and ensuring global food safety.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Advancing aflatoxin analytical techniques: harnessing next-generation technologies and industrial innovations for precision quantification and qualitative profiling—a prospective approach toward public health safeguarding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月11日

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  • Ishrat Perveen,
  • Muhammad Yaqoob,
  • Sajid Hameed,
  • Nazia Koser,
  • Samia Nawab,
  • Usama Amjad,
  • Hina Younis,
  • Sumbal Nazir,
  • Akash John,
  • Tallat Anwar Faridi,
  • Naaz Abbas,
  • Yasar Saleem,
  • Shaista Nawaz,
  • Sania Mazhar,
  • Ayesha Kiran,
  • Fatima Akram,
  • Quratulain Syed,
  • Syed Hussain Imam Abidi

摘要

Aflatoxins (AFs), carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus, frequently contaminate food commodities, posing global health risks. This study evaluates recent advancements in aflatoxin detection using next-generation technologies like mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and immunoaffinity chromatography, to enhancing improved accuracy, sensitivity, and efficiency. The innovations in the food processing, agriculture, and pharmaceutical sectors have been explored in the study, focusing on improved detection and mitigation strategies. These developments offer greater precision in both quantification and qualitative profiling of aflatoxins, addressing global food safety challenges. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FL) has achieved a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.05 ng/mL, improving sensitivity by 15%. Immunoaffinity chromatography has increased AFs recovery rates by 30%, offering greater accuracy in high-fat matrices like nuts and oils. Electrochemical immunosensors have shown a 20% increase in detection accuracy. Liquid–liquid microextraction (LLME) has reduced solvent use by 20%, promoting more sustainable testing. HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS) has improved detection accuracy by 25%, enabling simultaneous detection of multiple AFs, including AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2, with a LOD of 0.03–2.23 μg/kg. These advancements have led to a worldwide reduction in AF levels, driven by precise, rapid, and specific detection techniques. This review critically assesses these methods, highlights their advantages and limitations, and emphasizes the need for harmonized testing protocols and regulatory compliance. By advancing aflatoxin analytical techniques, this study contributes to a prospective approach toward safeguarding public health and ensuring global food safety.

Graphical abstract