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<p>While speciation diversity is widely acknowledged, significant debate exists regarding the universality of hybrid speciation. An 18&#xa0;year systematic investigation of all <i>Populus</i> taxa on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau resulted in the identification of 23 recorded taxa and 8 newly identified taxa. Morphologically, these taxa can be categorized into three groups, one of which includes 11 taxa with distinct characteristics of <i>P. simonii</i>. Whole-genome resequencing of 150 genotypes across 31 taxa yielded 2.28 million SNPs. Among these, <i>P. ranwuensis, P. baibaensis, P. qingdensis,</i> and <i>P. erlangshanensis</i> were identified as new species. These species, along with six other taxa displaying characteristics of <i>P. simonii</i>, originated through natural hybridization, with <i>P. simonii</i> serving as a common direct ancestral species<i>.</i> The another direct ancestral species of <i>P. yunnanensis</i> and <i>P. trinervis is P. szechuanica,</i> that of <i>P. ranwuensis</i>, <i>P. qingdensis</i>, <i>P. kangdingensis</i>, <i>P. przewalskii</i>, and <i>P. schneideri</i> var. <i>tibetica is P. xiangchengensis, that of P. qamdoensisis</i> is <i>atypical P. curviserrata</i>, and that of <i>P. baibaensis</i> is <i>P. pseudoglauca</i>. Natural hybridization is identified as a dominant driver of species diversification in <i>Populus</i> on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and a critical factor contributing to the disappearance of ancient species in the northern, western, and central regions of the plateau. The universality and evolutionary significance of hybrid speciation appear to have been substantially underestimated.</p>

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A New Pattern of Species Diversification Revealed by Populus on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月7日

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  • Jia-Xuan Mi,
  • Fei-Fei Tian,
  • Jin-Liang Huang,
  • Yu-Jie Shi,
  • Jing Li,
  • Fan-Yu Meng,
  • Fang He,
  • Yu Zhong,
  • Han-Bo Yang,
  • Fan Zhang,
  • Liang-Hua Chen,
  • Xue-Qin Wan

摘要

While speciation diversity is widely acknowledged, significant debate exists regarding the universality of hybrid speciation. An 18 year systematic investigation of all Populus taxa on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau resulted in the identification of 23 recorded taxa and 8 newly identified taxa. Morphologically, these taxa can be categorized into three groups, one of which includes 11 taxa with distinct characteristics of P. simonii. Whole-genome resequencing of 150 genotypes across 31 taxa yielded 2.28 million SNPs. Among these, P. ranwuensis, P. baibaensis, P. qingdensis, and P. erlangshanensis were identified as new species. These species, along with six other taxa displaying characteristics of P. simonii, originated through natural hybridization, with P. simonii serving as a common direct ancestral species. The another direct ancestral species of P. yunnanensis and P. trinervis is P. szechuanica, that of P. ranwuensis, P. qingdensis, P. kangdingensis, P. przewalskii, and P. schneideri var. tibetica is P. xiangchengensis, that of P. qamdoensisis is atypical P. curviserrata, and that of P. baibaensis is P. pseudoglauca. Natural hybridization is identified as a dominant driver of species diversification in Populus on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and a critical factor contributing to the disappearance of ancient species in the northern, western, and central regions of the plateau. The universality and evolutionary significance of hybrid speciation appear to have been substantially underestimated.