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Background <p><i>Trypanosoma</i><i> evansi</i>, the causative agent of <i>Surra</i>, is a significant emerging zoonotic kinetoplastid protozoan parasite with wide host range and limited chemotherapeutic options. Arginine kinase is mainly responsible for providing metabolic plasticity and maintaining cellular homeostasis of trypanosome under adverse conditions. </p> Methods <p>This study investigated the in vitro anti-trypanosomal activity of Vanilloid derivative, Capsaicin against <i>T. evansi</i> and its effect on mRNA expression of arginine kinase enzyme in <i>T. evansi</i>. Herein, we determined the anti-trypanosomal activity of Capsaicin against <i>T. evansi</i> and its safety towards mammalian cells by estimating the selectivity index. From the dataset generated during the experiments, the IC<sub>50</sub> values of capsaicin was determined as 115&#xa0;µM, respectively.</p> Results <p>Cytotoxicity assays showed that Capsaicin exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against equine PBMC and Vero cells line with CC<sub>50</sub> value of 309.8&#xa0;µM and 308.3&#xa0;µM, respectively giving a selectivity index of around 2.68 at the therapeutic dose against <i>T. evansi</i>. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that Capsaicin showed significant alteration of mRNA expression of arginine kinase 1 gene at 24 and 48&#xa0;h of exposure with IC<sub>50</sub> of drug. </p> Conclusion <p>The study suggests that Capsaicin may be a potential approach for treating <i>T. evansi</i> infections, warranting further in vivo investigations.</p>

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Capsaicin, a Vanilloid Derivative, Modulates Arginine Kinase mRNA Expression in Trypanosoma evansi

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • Snehil Gupta,
  • Sukhdeep Vohra,
  • Khushboo Sethi,
  • Ruma Rani,
  • Surbhi Gupta,
  • Sanjay Kumar,
  • Rajender Kumar,
  • T. Rana

摘要

Background

Trypanosoma evansi, the causative agent of Surra, is a significant emerging zoonotic kinetoplastid protozoan parasite with wide host range and limited chemotherapeutic options. Arginine kinase is mainly responsible for providing metabolic plasticity and maintaining cellular homeostasis of trypanosome under adverse conditions.

Methods

This study investigated the in vitro anti-trypanosomal activity of Vanilloid derivative, Capsaicin against T. evansi and its effect on mRNA expression of arginine kinase enzyme in T. evansi. Herein, we determined the anti-trypanosomal activity of Capsaicin against T. evansi and its safety towards mammalian cells by estimating the selectivity index. From the dataset generated during the experiments, the IC50 values of capsaicin was determined as 115 µM, respectively.

Results

Cytotoxicity assays showed that Capsaicin exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against equine PBMC and Vero cells line with CC50 value of 309.8 µM and 308.3 µM, respectively giving a selectivity index of around 2.68 at the therapeutic dose against T. evansi. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that Capsaicin showed significant alteration of mRNA expression of arginine kinase 1 gene at 24 and 48 h of exposure with IC50 of drug.

Conclusion

The study suggests that Capsaicin may be a potential approach for treating T. evansi infections, warranting further in vivo investigations.