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<p><i>Schinus terebinthifolia</i> (Raddi) is a tropical fast-growing broadleaf tree species in Brazil’s Atlantic Forest, a threatened biodiversity hotspot. The species has socioeconomic importance, is used in forest restoration programs and urban greening. In urban environments, plants are exposed to several abiotic stressors such as atmospheric pollution. Tropospheric ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) is one of the main secondary pollutants that affect plant growth and survival. Therefore, determining the critical levels (CL) of phytotoxic O<sub>3</sub> is essential. Ozone risk assessment for <i>S. terebinthifolia</i> is unknown. Forty-five <i>S. terebinthifolia</i> seedlings were cultivated in pots and submitted to five ozone treatments for three months in an O<sub>3</sub>-free-air controlled facility. Ozone risk assessment was based on environmental data, measurements of stomatal O<sub>3</sub> uptake and seedling biomass. To find the best model for predicting O<sub>3</sub>-induced biomass loss, we tested the accumulated ozone exposure over a threshold of 40&#xa0;ppb (AOT40) and the phytotoxic ozone dose above a threshold ‘y’ (POD<sub>y</sub>) using linear and 116 nonlinear statistical models. POD<sub>16</sub> and POD<sub>15</sub> when applied with the four-parameter nonlinear logarithmic model “Bragg4” provided the best fit for assessing O<sub>3</sub> risk based on total biomass and leaf biomass, respectively. The species had a 4% biomass loss at 2.56&#xa0;mmol O<sub>3</sub> m<sup>−2</sup>&#xa0;POD<sub>16</sub> and in leaf biomass at 3.37&#xa0;mmol O<sub>3</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> POD<sub>15</sub>. The results indicate that biomass accumulation was stimulated at low to moderate O<sub>3</sub> levels but reduced at higher levels. Overall, <i>S. terebinthifolia</i> demonstrated a high tolerance to tropospheric O<sub>3.</sub></p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Biomass response of Schinus terebinthifolia to elevated ozone: evidence for a dose-dependent hormetic effect

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Matheus Casarini Siqueira,
  • Barbara Baesso Moura,
  • Yasutomo Hoshika,
  • Elena Paoletti,
  • Armando Reis Tavares,
  • Marisa Domingos

摘要

Schinus terebinthifolia (Raddi) is a tropical fast-growing broadleaf tree species in Brazil’s Atlantic Forest, a threatened biodiversity hotspot. The species has socioeconomic importance, is used in forest restoration programs and urban greening. In urban environments, plants are exposed to several abiotic stressors such as atmospheric pollution. Tropospheric ozone (O3) is one of the main secondary pollutants that affect plant growth and survival. Therefore, determining the critical levels (CL) of phytotoxic O3 is essential. Ozone risk assessment for S. terebinthifolia is unknown. Forty-five S. terebinthifolia seedlings were cultivated in pots and submitted to five ozone treatments for three months in an O3-free-air controlled facility. Ozone risk assessment was based on environmental data, measurements of stomatal O3 uptake and seedling biomass. To find the best model for predicting O3-induced biomass loss, we tested the accumulated ozone exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40) and the phytotoxic ozone dose above a threshold ‘y’ (PODy) using linear and 116 nonlinear statistical models. POD16 and POD15 when applied with the four-parameter nonlinear logarithmic model “Bragg4” provided the best fit for assessing O3 risk based on total biomass and leaf biomass, respectively. The species had a 4% biomass loss at 2.56 mmol O3 m−2 POD16 and in leaf biomass at 3.37 mmol O3 m−2 POD15. The results indicate that biomass accumulation was stimulated at low to moderate O3 levels but reduced at higher levels. Overall, S. terebinthifolia demonstrated a high tolerance to tropospheric O3.

Graphical abstract