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<p>Reliable prediction of matrix-dominated failure in polymer matrix composites remains challenging due to complex stress interactions within heterogeneous microstructures. This study develops a micromechanical modeling framework to investigate the transverse tensile and compressive failure behavior of unidirectional glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites. Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) with randomly distributed fibers were generated using a simplified Random Sequential Expansion algorithm and analyzed using the finite element method. Matrix failure was modeled using a von Mises stress criterion implemented through a user-defined Vectorized User Material (VUMAT) subroutine in Abaqus/Explicit 6.12-2. The predicted macroscopic responses from multiple RVEs under transverse tension and compression were compared with the experimental data. The simulations reproduced key transverse failure characteristics observed experimentally. Under transverse tension, matrix cracks formed nearly perpendicular to the loading direction with an average angle of about 87.8°. Under transverse compression, failure occurred through an inclined shear band with a predicted angle of approximately 58.6°, consistent with reported experimental fracture angles (~56°). Despite its pressure-insensitive formulation, the von Mises criterion captured the dominant matrix-dominated failure mechanisms and provided reasonable predictions of transverse strength and crack orientation.</p>

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Evaluating the Reliability of the Von Mises Criterion for Matrix-Dominated Transverse Failure in Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Fajwa Kamar Shah,
  • Sarah Kamaludin,
  • Norwahida Yusoff

摘要

Reliable prediction of matrix-dominated failure in polymer matrix composites remains challenging due to complex stress interactions within heterogeneous microstructures. This study develops a micromechanical modeling framework to investigate the transverse tensile and compressive failure behavior of unidirectional glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites. Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) with randomly distributed fibers were generated using a simplified Random Sequential Expansion algorithm and analyzed using the finite element method. Matrix failure was modeled using a von Mises stress criterion implemented through a user-defined Vectorized User Material (VUMAT) subroutine in Abaqus/Explicit 6.12-2. The predicted macroscopic responses from multiple RVEs under transverse tension and compression were compared with the experimental data. The simulations reproduced key transverse failure characteristics observed experimentally. Under transverse tension, matrix cracks formed nearly perpendicular to the loading direction with an average angle of about 87.8°. Under transverse compression, failure occurred through an inclined shear band with a predicted angle of approximately 58.6°, consistent with reported experimental fracture angles (~56°). Despite its pressure-insensitive formulation, the von Mises criterion captured the dominant matrix-dominated failure mechanisms and provided reasonable predictions of transverse strength and crack orientation.