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<p>Lightweight sandwich structures have become pivotal in modern engineering due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, energy absorption capability, and vibration resistance, making them ideal for aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering applications. Among these structures, aluminum foam-core sandwich panels exhibit unique properties, as their cellular architecture provides low density, high stiffness, inherent damping, and superior energy dissipation. This study presents a comprehensive analytical, numerical, and experimental investigation into the free vibration behavior of aluminum foam-core sandwich panels with a density of 850&#xa0;kg/m<sup>3</sup>, focusing on the combined effects of core thickness and panel aspect ratio (a/b) on natural frequencies and mode shapes. Core thicknesses of 3, 5, 10, and 12&#xa0;mm were examined, and the elastic modulus of the foam (3.18&#xa0;GPa) was experimentally determined to ensure modeling accuracy. Classical Plate Theory (CPT) was employed for analytical predictions, finite element simulations were performed using ANSYS with SOLID186 elements, and experimental modal testing was conducted via impact hammer excitation to validate the models. The results indicate that increasing core thickness significantly raises natural frequencies due to enhanced bending stiffness, while increasing the aspect ratio (a/b) consistently reduces the fundamental natural frequency because of lower transverse rigidity. A strong agreement was observed between analytical, numerical, and experimental results, with low error margins ranging from 0.53% to 5.10%, confirming the reliability and accuracy of the proposed hybrid methodology. This study provides a validated and robust framework for dynamic characterization and vibration analysis of lightweight sandwich panels, offering critical insights for the optimal design of vibration-sensitive structures in aerospace, automotive, and advanced structural applications.</p>

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Analysis of Core Thickness Impact on the Natural Frequencies of Aluminum-Metal Foam Sandwich Panels: Theoretical, Numerical, and Experimental Methodologies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月14日

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  • Zahra Khalid Hamdan,
  • Sadeq H. Bakhy,
  • Muhsin Jaber Jweeg

摘要

Lightweight sandwich structures have become pivotal in modern engineering due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, energy absorption capability, and vibration resistance, making them ideal for aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering applications. Among these structures, aluminum foam-core sandwich panels exhibit unique properties, as their cellular architecture provides low density, high stiffness, inherent damping, and superior energy dissipation. This study presents a comprehensive analytical, numerical, and experimental investigation into the free vibration behavior of aluminum foam-core sandwich panels with a density of 850 kg/m3, focusing on the combined effects of core thickness and panel aspect ratio (a/b) on natural frequencies and mode shapes. Core thicknesses of 3, 5, 10, and 12 mm were examined, and the elastic modulus of the foam (3.18 GPa) was experimentally determined to ensure modeling accuracy. Classical Plate Theory (CPT) was employed for analytical predictions, finite element simulations were performed using ANSYS with SOLID186 elements, and experimental modal testing was conducted via impact hammer excitation to validate the models. The results indicate that increasing core thickness significantly raises natural frequencies due to enhanced bending stiffness, while increasing the aspect ratio (a/b) consistently reduces the fundamental natural frequency because of lower transverse rigidity. A strong agreement was observed between analytical, numerical, and experimental results, with low error margins ranging from 0.53% to 5.10%, confirming the reliability and accuracy of the proposed hybrid methodology. This study provides a validated and robust framework for dynamic characterization and vibration analysis of lightweight sandwich panels, offering critical insights for the optimal design of vibration-sensitive structures in aerospace, automotive, and advanced structural applications.