<p>This study proposes a low-temperature stress heat treatment method that can effectively control the microstructure of TiAl-based alloys. The Ti-44Al-4Nb-0.5Fe−0.1B alloy was selected as the model alloy. The alloys were quenched in liquid nitrogen at 1300&#xa0;°C/30&#xa0;min to obtain the original samples. The samples were then subjected to low-temperature stress heat treatment. The results showed that, under both stress-free and stress-induced annealing conditions at lower temperatures, the transformation primarily involved the transition from α₂ to γ; this transformation occurred more rapidly under applied stress. This is because stress promotes the diffusion and segregation of elements, thereby accelerating the phase transformation. The content of the B2 phase first increases and then decreases with rising temperature, and more B2 phase precipitates under stress conditions. EBSD analysis reveals that the lamellar structure is absent at 300&#xa0;MPa/700&#xa0;°C because the formation of the B2 phase and recrystallization destroy the original lamellar structure, resulting in equiaxed grains.</p>