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<p>Cemented Paste Backfill (CPB) is a key material for sustainable mining, serving to dispose of mine tailings, enhance ground stability, and mitigate environmental impacts. This study focuses on the performance optimization and engineering application of CPB materials for slope stability control in open-pit coal mining, combining laboratory tests and 3D numerical modeling to conduct a comprehensive investigation on CPB’s mechanical properties and in situ support performance. Orthogonal experiments were designed to analyze the effects of cement content (6-12%), curing temperature (2-40&#xa0;°C), as well as 25, 30, 35, and 40% for fly ash content, and curing time on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and stress–strain behavior of CPB specimens, and the optimal mix ratio of CPB was determined from the perspective of material performance and engineering economy. The 3D numerical simulation was further used to reveal the response laws of slope stress, displacement, and plastic failure characteristics under different CPB mix ratios, and to verify the engineering performance of the optimized CPB for slope support. Results show that CPB’s UCS increases significantly with increasing cement content and curing temperature, and that an 8% cement content is optimal, offering excellent mechanical performance and economic efficiency. Increasing CPB strength effectively reduces slope and chamber roof displacements, and the slope safety factor improves by 88.6% as the cement content increases from 6 to 12%. This study clarifies the correlation between CPB material formulation, processing conditions, and engineering support performance, providing a reliable material and technical reference for CPB’s industrial application in open-pit mining slope stability control.</p>

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Performance Evaluation of Cemented Paste Backfill Materials for Open-Pit Mining Slope Stability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Chano Simao Francisco,
  • Hang Lin,
  • Ibrahim Haruna Umar,
  • Fisseha Gebreegziabher,
  • Cesária da Conceição Ernesto Matsimbe

摘要

Cemented Paste Backfill (CPB) is a key material for sustainable mining, serving to dispose of mine tailings, enhance ground stability, and mitigate environmental impacts. This study focuses on the performance optimization and engineering application of CPB materials for slope stability control in open-pit coal mining, combining laboratory tests and 3D numerical modeling to conduct a comprehensive investigation on CPB’s mechanical properties and in situ support performance. Orthogonal experiments were designed to analyze the effects of cement content (6-12%), curing temperature (2-40 °C), as well as 25, 30, 35, and 40% for fly ash content, and curing time on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and stress–strain behavior of CPB specimens, and the optimal mix ratio of CPB was determined from the perspective of material performance and engineering economy. The 3D numerical simulation was further used to reveal the response laws of slope stress, displacement, and plastic failure characteristics under different CPB mix ratios, and to verify the engineering performance of the optimized CPB for slope support. Results show that CPB’s UCS increases significantly with increasing cement content and curing temperature, and that an 8% cement content is optimal, offering excellent mechanical performance and economic efficiency. Increasing CPB strength effectively reduces slope and chamber roof displacements, and the slope safety factor improves by 88.6% as the cement content increases from 6 to 12%. This study clarifies the correlation between CPB material formulation, processing conditions, and engineering support performance, providing a reliable material and technical reference for CPB’s industrial application in open-pit mining slope stability control.