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<p>In this study, SiO<sub>2</sub> particles were deposited on AISI 316L stainless steel by electrophoretic deposition using chitosan as a matrix. Different SiO<sub>2</sub>:Cu-to-chitosan compositions were investigated to determine the coating formulation providing the most favorable combination of adhesion, microstructural characteristics, and biological performance. Electrophoretic deposition was carried out at an applied voltage of 15&#xa0;V and a current of 60&#xa0;mA, respectively. The results of the ASTM D3359 adhesion test showed that the coating adhesion grade of the selected sample was 3B. In the XRD pattern, a broad peak in the range of 22-25° was attributed to the amorphous phase of SiO<sub>2</sub>. Two distinct peaks were observed at approximately 36° and 39°, indicating the presence of copper oxide phases. The FE-SEM images showed that the average particle size was approximately 1.4&#xa0;μm for the samples containing different amounts of silica. The coating thickness ranged from 11.5 to 12.5&#xa0;μm for the samples possessing <i>R</i> = 2/3 and from 19 to 20&#xa0;μm for the samples with <i>R</i> = 1. In vitro biological evaluation, including MTT cytocompatibility assessment and simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion testing, demonstrated favorable cellular viability and bioactive behavior of the coatings. Based on the experimental results, the coating with <i>R</i> = 3/3 exhibited the most balanced combination of coating thickness, biological response, and adhesion performance and was therefore identified as the optimal composition among the investigated formulations.</p>

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Electrophoretic Deposition of Cu-Doped SiO2/Chitosan Composite Coatings on AISI 316L Stainless Steel: Correlation Between Adhesion, Microstructure, and In Vitro Bioactivity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月11日

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  • Pedram Abdollahi,
  • Seyed Mahdi Rafiaei,
  • Abbas Bahrami

摘要

In this study, SiO2 particles were deposited on AISI 316L stainless steel by electrophoretic deposition using chitosan as a matrix. Different SiO2:Cu-to-chitosan compositions were investigated to determine the coating formulation providing the most favorable combination of adhesion, microstructural characteristics, and biological performance. Electrophoretic deposition was carried out at an applied voltage of 15 V and a current of 60 mA, respectively. The results of the ASTM D3359 adhesion test showed that the coating adhesion grade of the selected sample was 3B. In the XRD pattern, a broad peak in the range of 22-25° was attributed to the amorphous phase of SiO2. Two distinct peaks were observed at approximately 36° and 39°, indicating the presence of copper oxide phases. The FE-SEM images showed that the average particle size was approximately 1.4 μm for the samples containing different amounts of silica. The coating thickness ranged from 11.5 to 12.5 μm for the samples possessing R = 2/3 and from 19 to 20 μm for the samples with R = 1. In vitro biological evaluation, including MTT cytocompatibility assessment and simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion testing, demonstrated favorable cellular viability and bioactive behavior of the coatings. Based on the experimental results, the coating with R = 3/3 exhibited the most balanced combination of coating thickness, biological response, and adhesion performance and was therefore identified as the optimal composition among the investigated formulations.