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<p>Efficiently utilizing high-volume solid waste is essential for producing hydrophobic mortar in sectors involving coal and water. This study developed hydrophobic aeolian sand mortar (ASM) using aeolian sand (AS) as the fine aggregate and modified fly ash (MF) with palmitic acid (PA) as an admixture, examining its water absorption characteristics. We elucidated PA’s modification mechanism on fly ash (FA) and the impact of MF replacement (MFR) on ASM’s water absorption through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffractometry (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and capillary water absorption theory. Results show that increasing PA dosages raises the water contact angles on MF and ASM surfaces. The MF becomes superhydrophobic, and ASM’s contact angle reaches 138.6° with PA dosage ≥ 5% after mixing for one hour. Higher MFR reduces ASM’s cumulative water absorption. Physically, PA creates a “shell-forming” effect on FA by long-chain hydrocarbons entangling and coating its surface, markedly increasing hydrophobicity. Chemically, PA’s carboxyl group (—COOH) reacts with active calcium in FA to form calcium palmitate, further enhancing hydrophobicity. The MFR’s influence on water absorption characteristics stems from improved contact interface structure, altered pore structure, reduced surface energy, and directional changes in capillary suction force.</p>

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Influence Mechanism of Palmitic Acid-Modified Fly Ash on the Water Absorption Characteristics of Aeolian Sand Mortar

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Yugen Li,
  • Zhao Yu,
  • Hongyu Cheng,
  • Rui Lu,
  • Xiangzhen Meng,
  • Hairen Wang

摘要

Efficiently utilizing high-volume solid waste is essential for producing hydrophobic mortar in sectors involving coal and water. This study developed hydrophobic aeolian sand mortar (ASM) using aeolian sand (AS) as the fine aggregate and modified fly ash (MF) with palmitic acid (PA) as an admixture, examining its water absorption characteristics. We elucidated PA’s modification mechanism on fly ash (FA) and the impact of MF replacement (MFR) on ASM’s water absorption through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffractometry (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and capillary water absorption theory. Results show that increasing PA dosages raises the water contact angles on MF and ASM surfaces. The MF becomes superhydrophobic, and ASM’s contact angle reaches 138.6° with PA dosage ≥ 5% after mixing for one hour. Higher MFR reduces ASM’s cumulative water absorption. Physically, PA creates a “shell-forming” effect on FA by long-chain hydrocarbons entangling and coating its surface, markedly increasing hydrophobicity. Chemically, PA’s carboxyl group (—COOH) reacts with active calcium in FA to form calcium palmitate, further enhancing hydrophobicity. The MFR’s influence on water absorption characteristics stems from improved contact interface structure, altered pore structure, reduced surface energy, and directional changes in capillary suction force.