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<p>This study examines optical cavity optimization in MAPbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite solar cells using one-dimensional photonic-crystal reflectors. Baseline, front-DBR and back-DBR configurations were analysed over 400-850&#xa0;nm with a numerically stable scattering-matrix formulation based on the Redheffer star product. Absorber-specific perovskite absorptance, angular response up to 70°, field distributions and generation profiles were evaluated so that useful absorption inside MAPbI3 could be separated from total stack absorption. In the idealized optical-stack model, the back DBR increased Jsc from 19.30 to 20.78&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>, whereas the front DBR reduced Jsc to 12.12&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup> because of entrance-side reflection losses. A more realistic integrated cavity, Air / ITO / SnO<sub>2</sub> / MAPbI<sub>3</sub> / NiO<sub>x</sub> / DBR / Ag / Glass, was then optimized over DBR period number, design wavelength, perovskite thickness, NiOx thickness and rear-metal thickness. The optimized practical design, Air / ITO(150&#xa0;nm) / SnO<sub>2</sub>(40&#xa0;nm) / MAPbI<sub>3</sub>(800&#xa0;nm) / NiO<sub>x</sub>(1&#xa0;nm) / [TiO<sub>2</sub>(50&#xa0;nm) / SiO<sub>2</sub>(85&#xa0;nm)]x8 / Ag(60&#xa0;nm) / Glass, increased the directly simulated optical current from 22.36 to 22.86&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>. The results show that rear photonic-crystal reflectors can improve long-wavelength harvesting, but in realistic PSCs the gain arises from full-cavity tuning rather than from a standalone quarter-wave DBR design. The DBR material pair was intentionally fixed to the literature TiO<sub>2</sub> / SiO<sub>2</sub> system so that reflector placement and cavity tuning could be isolated clearly.</p>

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Performance Optimization of Perovskite Solar Cells Using a 1D Photonic Crystal for Broadband Light Harvesting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月27日

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  • Praveen Kumar Yadav,
  • Rishi Pal Chahal,
  • Amanpal Singh

摘要

This study examines optical cavity optimization in MAPbI3 perovskite solar cells using one-dimensional photonic-crystal reflectors. Baseline, front-DBR and back-DBR configurations were analysed over 400-850 nm with a numerically stable scattering-matrix formulation based on the Redheffer star product. Absorber-specific perovskite absorptance, angular response up to 70°, field distributions and generation profiles were evaluated so that useful absorption inside MAPbI3 could be separated from total stack absorption. In the idealized optical-stack model, the back DBR increased Jsc from 19.30 to 20.78 mA cm−2, whereas the front DBR reduced Jsc to 12.12 mA cm−2 because of entrance-side reflection losses. A more realistic integrated cavity, Air / ITO / SnO2 / MAPbI3 / NiOx / DBR / Ag / Glass, was then optimized over DBR period number, design wavelength, perovskite thickness, NiOx thickness and rear-metal thickness. The optimized practical design, Air / ITO(150 nm) / SnO2(40 nm) / MAPbI3(800 nm) / NiOx(1 nm) / [TiO2(50 nm) / SiO2(85 nm)]x8 / Ag(60 nm) / Glass, increased the directly simulated optical current from 22.36 to 22.86 mA cm−2. The results show that rear photonic-crystal reflectors can improve long-wavelength harvesting, but in realistic PSCs the gain arises from full-cavity tuning rather than from a standalone quarter-wave DBR design. The DBR material pair was intentionally fixed to the literature TiO2 / SiO2 system so that reflector placement and cavity tuning could be isolated clearly.