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<p>This article shows the effectiveness of iodine as an activator for the diffusion chrome plating process of medium-carbon steel AISI 1045 for the first time. This study investigated the kinetics of the process from 600 to 1000&#xa0;°C and found the activation energy of the process. We also showed how the activation energy of the process changes corresponding to the phase composition of the steel after its polymorphic transformations that occurred at different chromizing temperatures. The microstructure, chemical and phase composition of the obtained coatings were investigated. We also discovered two unreported concurrent processes occurring in opposite directions—direct transport of chromium iodides to the surface of a steel substrate and reverse transport—the chemical reaction of iodine with a steel substrate and the entrainment of iron iodides into a powder mixture. This effect causes a decrease in the mass of the samples after chromizing at temperatures below 700&#xa0;°C. We also present new information on changes in the chemical composition and dispersion of the chromizing powder mixture after the process. We showed that after chromizing, the powder mixture is saturated with iron. Moreover, a decrease in the chromizing temperature leads to an increase in the iron content, which is a consequence of the reverse transport of iodides. The efficiency of reuse of the powder mixture is shown without reducing the main characteristics of the obtained chromium-containing coatings.</p>

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Possibilities for Powder Mixture Recycling in the Course of Diffusion Chromizing via Iodide Transport Process

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月27日

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  • N. A. Khristyuk,
  • M. M. Sychov,
  • S. P. Bogdanov,
  • S. N. Petrov,
  • M. V. Staritsyn,
  • N. V. Vasiliev,
  • P. Papandreopoulos,
  • A. S. Zhukov

摘要

This article shows the effectiveness of iodine as an activator for the diffusion chrome plating process of medium-carbon steel AISI 1045 for the first time. This study investigated the kinetics of the process from 600 to 1000 °C and found the activation energy of the process. We also showed how the activation energy of the process changes corresponding to the phase composition of the steel after its polymorphic transformations that occurred at different chromizing temperatures. The microstructure, chemical and phase composition of the obtained coatings were investigated. We also discovered two unreported concurrent processes occurring in opposite directions—direct transport of chromium iodides to the surface of a steel substrate and reverse transport—the chemical reaction of iodine with a steel substrate and the entrainment of iron iodides into a powder mixture. This effect causes a decrease in the mass of the samples after chromizing at temperatures below 700 °C. We also present new information on changes in the chemical composition and dispersion of the chromizing powder mixture after the process. We showed that after chromizing, the powder mixture is saturated with iron. Moreover, a decrease in the chromizing temperature leads to an increase in the iron content, which is a consequence of the reverse transport of iodides. The efficiency of reuse of the powder mixture is shown without reducing the main characteristics of the obtained chromium-containing coatings.