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<p>In this study, a Cr-B gradient diffusion layer was formed on the surface of AISI 1045 steel via a two-step molten salt process consisting of sequential boronizing and chromizing treatments. The microstructure evolution, elemental distribution, and phase constitution of the coatings were systematically investigated. The results indicated that single-step boronizing yields an ~ 32-μm-thick Fe<sub>2</sub>B single-phase coating, whereas single-step chromizing leads to a very thin (~ 4.9&#xa0;μm) coating composed primarily of (Cr, Mn)<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> carbides. After the two-step molten salt treatment, the total coating thickness markedly increased to ~ 55&#xa0;μm, resulting in a well-defined gradient structure consisting of an outer thin (Cr, Mn)<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> dominant layer and an inner boride-dominant layer. A significantly enhanced surface hardness of 1900-2000 HV<sub>0.05</sub> was achieved after the two-step molten salt treatment. The underlying mechanisms governing the formation of the Cr-B gradient coating were discussed.</p>

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Structures and Properties of a Cr-B Gradient Coating on AISI 1045 Steel Prepared by a Two-Step Molten Salt Process

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月10日

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  • Qingyu Long,
  • Meijun Wen,
  • Haiyang Guo,
  • Bo Song,
  • Tingting Liu,
  • Liling Liu,
  • Shengfeng Guo,
  • Haoxing Jin

摘要

In this study, a Cr-B gradient diffusion layer was formed on the surface of AISI 1045 steel via a two-step molten salt process consisting of sequential boronizing and chromizing treatments. The microstructure evolution, elemental distribution, and phase constitution of the coatings were systematically investigated. The results indicated that single-step boronizing yields an ~ 32-μm-thick Fe2B single-phase coating, whereas single-step chromizing leads to a very thin (~ 4.9 μm) coating composed primarily of (Cr, Mn)7C3 carbides. After the two-step molten salt treatment, the total coating thickness markedly increased to ~ 55 μm, resulting in a well-defined gradient structure consisting of an outer thin (Cr, Mn)7C3 dominant layer and an inner boride-dominant layer. A significantly enhanced surface hardness of 1900-2000 HV0.05 was achieved after the two-step molten salt treatment. The underlying mechanisms governing the formation of the Cr-B gradient coating were discussed.