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<p>Green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles derived from <i>Azadirachta indica</i> were incorporated into hydroxyapatite (ZnO-HAp) to enhance its mechanical strength and biocompatibility. Structural changes were studied using FESEM, EDX, and FTIR, while mechanical properties were assessed via the Vickers hardness tester. The ZnO-HAp nanocomposite exhibited a remarkable fivefold increase in hardness due to the reduction in grain size. Corrosion resistance also increased three times after doping with respect to the pure HAp. ZnO-HAp composite shows lower absorbance at 540&#xa0;nm than pure HAp with time, suggesting quicker clot formation and therefore greater thrombogenicity. A significant improvement in antioxidant and antibacterial activities is also observed. A mechanistic model is proposed to explain the antimicrobial behavior against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The ZnO-HAp nanocomposite showed superior free radical scavenging activity compared to pure HAp. Cytotoxicity and cell viability studies using the L929 cell line confirmed its potential for supporting cell growth. The enhanced mechanical, corrosion-resistant, and biological properties are attributed to structural changes induced by the incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles.</p>

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Green-Synthesized Azadirachta indica-Mediated ZnO-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites with Enhanced Mechanical, Corrosion, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Properties for Hard Tissue Implant

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月28日

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  • Divya Rai,
  • Ranbir Kumar,
  • Anuradha Mahanty,
  • Smit Anand,
  • Deep Shikha,
  • Raghvendra Kumar,
  • Sanjay Kumar Sinha

摘要

Green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles derived from Azadirachta indica were incorporated into hydroxyapatite (ZnO-HAp) to enhance its mechanical strength and biocompatibility. Structural changes were studied using FESEM, EDX, and FTIR, while mechanical properties were assessed via the Vickers hardness tester. The ZnO-HAp nanocomposite exhibited a remarkable fivefold increase in hardness due to the reduction in grain size. Corrosion resistance also increased three times after doping with respect to the pure HAp. ZnO-HAp composite shows lower absorbance at 540 nm than pure HAp with time, suggesting quicker clot formation and therefore greater thrombogenicity. A significant improvement in antioxidant and antibacterial activities is also observed. A mechanistic model is proposed to explain the antimicrobial behavior against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The ZnO-HAp nanocomposite showed superior free radical scavenging activity compared to pure HAp. Cytotoxicity and cell viability studies using the L929 cell line confirmed its potential for supporting cell growth. The enhanced mechanical, corrosion-resistant, and biological properties are attributed to structural changes induced by the incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles.