<p>Fe-0.3C-15Cr-1Ni alloy coatings with different Ti + Nb additions (0.3% Ti + 0.3% Nb, 0.3% Ti + 0.6% Nb, and 0.6% Ti + 0.3% Nb) were prepared by laser cladding on 30Cr13 stainless steel. The effects of Ti and Nb on the microstructure, hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance were investigated. Results show that Ti + Nb addition transforms the non-overlap zone microstructure from oriented dendritic/columnar grains to non-oriented cellular and equiaxed crystals, and changes carbides from M₂₃C₆ to M₇C₃. The average hardness in the overlap and non-overlap zones increased by 1.05-1.09 times and 1.06-1.09 times, respectively, compared to the coating without Ti–Nb. Wear resistance improved significantly, with the 0.3% Ti + 0.6% Nb coating showing an approximately 37.8% reduction in wear volume and wear rate. This coating also exhibited a 53.8% higher pitting potential, 30.8% wider passive region, and a two-order-of-magnitude increase in charge transfer resistance. Overall, the 0.3% Ti + 0.6% Nb coating demonstrated the best comprehensive properties, attributed to reduced undercooling, grain refinement, and Ti/Nb substitution in carbides, with Ti having a stronger effect on constitutional supercooling than Nb.</p>