Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Powder Bed Fusion-Processed Inconel 718 Superalloy
摘要
This work investigates the structure–property connections of heat-treated laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)-processed Inconel 718 (IN718). Three heat treatment methods were investigated: homogenization followed by single aging, homogenization with solution treatment and single aging, and homogenization with solution treatment and double aging. It is found that homogenization at 1065 °C effectively removes undesirable Laves phases and lowers MC-type carbides. Solution annealing with single aging improves recrystallization and grain growth, leading to more noticeable texture in the < 101 > direction, as shown by inverse pole figure texture maps. Double aging causes a wider distribution of grain orientations in the < 111 > direction. Electron backscatter diffraction indicates that higher thermal exposure during double aging causes carbide coarsening, reducing their ability to pin grain boundaries (GBs) effectively. SEM micrographs show (Nb, Ti)C and a gamma matrix, with γ′/γ″ precipitates and δ phase at GBs in heat-treated samples. The presence of finely distributed γ′ and γ″ strengthening phases, the effective elimination of metal carbide (MC) and Laves phases, and the limited occurrence of (Nb, Ti)C, alongside acicular and plate-type δ phases, result in superior mechanical properties, achieving higher hardness (451 HV and 9.24 GPa) and an elastic modulus of 207.26 GPa for the double-aged specimen.