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<p>The effects of tempering temperature and tempering time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of low-carbon steel with Nb, V and Ti microalloying elements were investigated. The findings demonstrated that the microstructures of Nb-V-Ti microalloyed steels were consist of tempered martensite, lath-shaped bainite, retained austenite (RA) and (Nb, V, Ti)(C, N) precipitations. The transformation from RA to tempered martensites and precipitation behavior led to a secondary hardening when the tempering temperature range was between 300-380&#xa0;°C, enhancing the strength of steels. With the increase in tempering temperature (380-460&#xa0;°C), the strength of steel generally showed a downward trend, while the toughness generally exhibited an upward trend at 380 °C because of intense precipitation hardening and stress releasing in the lath martensite resulting from the decomposition of RA. The optimal combination of strength and toughness of steel tempered at 540 °C for 1 h was obtained, with the yield strength of 740 ± 9&#xa0;MPa, tensile strength of 930 ± 13 MPa and a higher value of impact toughness (143 J). This performance of strength and toughness was attributed the synergistic effects of tempering softening behavior and precipitation strengthening mechanism.</p>

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Effects of Tempering Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of High-Strength Low-Carbon Steel through Nb, V and Ti Microalloying

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Guojun Cai,
  • Yanru Huang,
  • Raja Devesh Kumar Misra

摘要

The effects of tempering temperature and tempering time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of low-carbon steel with Nb, V and Ti microalloying elements were investigated. The findings demonstrated that the microstructures of Nb-V-Ti microalloyed steels were consist of tempered martensite, lath-shaped bainite, retained austenite (RA) and (Nb, V, Ti)(C, N) precipitations. The transformation from RA to tempered martensites and precipitation behavior led to a secondary hardening when the tempering temperature range was between 300-380 °C, enhancing the strength of steels. With the increase in tempering temperature (380-460 °C), the strength of steel generally showed a downward trend, while the toughness generally exhibited an upward trend at 380 °C because of intense precipitation hardening and stress releasing in the lath martensite resulting from the decomposition of RA. The optimal combination of strength and toughness of steel tempered at 540 °C for 1 h was obtained, with the yield strength of 740 ± 9 MPa, tensile strength of 930 ± 13 MPa and a higher value of impact toughness (143 J). This performance of strength and toughness was attributed the synergistic effects of tempering softening behavior and precipitation strengthening mechanism.