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<p>This study investigates the effect of different pre-hardening treatments on the mechanical and tribological properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings deposited on 16Cr3NiWMoVNbE gear steel. The steel substrates were prepared via quenching(Q), carburizing–quenching(CQ), quenching plus plasma nitriding(Q + PN), and carburizing–quenching plus plasma nitriding(CQ + PN). Results indicate that the combined CQ + PN treatment produces a substrate exhibiting high surface hardness (1026.26 HV), a deep carbon–nitrogen diffusion zone, and good toughness. Compared to solely carburized or nitrided substrates, this hybrid pre-hardened layer enables the DLC coating to achieve a superior bonding strength of 40.02 N and significantly enhances its load-bearing capacity. By increasing substrate hardness and diffusion depth, subsurface plastic deformation is effectively suppressed, leading to reduced wear rates (5.8 × 10<sup>-8</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>N<sup>-1</sup>&#xa0;m<sup>-1</sup>) and excellent wear resistance. These findings confirms the critical role of a graded, duplex-treated substrate in optimizing the durability and tribological performance of DLC coatings.</p>

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A Comparative Study of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Duplex DLC Coatings on Gear Steels with Different Pre-hardened Layers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月26日

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  • Jin Gu,
  • Lin Zhang,
  • Huanjun Xie,
  • Zhen Yu,
  • Xingguang Liu,
  • Jun Zheng

摘要

This study investigates the effect of different pre-hardening treatments on the mechanical and tribological properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings deposited on 16Cr3NiWMoVNbE gear steel. The steel substrates were prepared via quenching(Q), carburizing–quenching(CQ), quenching plus plasma nitriding(Q + PN), and carburizing–quenching plus plasma nitriding(CQ + PN). Results indicate that the combined CQ + PN treatment produces a substrate exhibiting high surface hardness (1026.26 HV), a deep carbon–nitrogen diffusion zone, and good toughness. Compared to solely carburized or nitrided substrates, this hybrid pre-hardened layer enables the DLC coating to achieve a superior bonding strength of 40.02 N and significantly enhances its load-bearing capacity. By increasing substrate hardness and diffusion depth, subsurface plastic deformation is effectively suppressed, leading to reduced wear rates (5.8 × 10-8 mm3N-1 m-1) and excellent wear resistance. These findings confirms the critical role of a graded, duplex-treated substrate in optimizing the durability and tribological performance of DLC coatings.