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<p>Reactive materials such as MgO and dicalcium silicate-gamma (<i>γ</i>-C<sub>2</sub>S) are selected as composite binders in the solidification of problematic soils. However, the combined effect of MgO and <i>γ</i>-C<sub>2</sub>S on carbonation–solidification was still unclear and the carbonation efficiency of solid wastes was fairly low. To further exploit the carbonation capacity of the alkaline solid wastes, MgO and <i>γ</i>-C<sub>2</sub>S were introduced in the carbonation–solidification of soils along with fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS). In this study, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and CO<sub>2</sub> uptake tests were conducted to investigate and optimize the combined effect of MgO, <i>γ</i>-C<sub>2</sub>S, FA and GGBS on the carbonation–solidification of sludge. The UCS of soils with 16% GGBS, 2% MgO and 2% <i>γ</i>-C<sub>2</sub>S was improved to 4.63 MPa after carbonation, as 7.42 times as solidified soils uncarbonated, and the carbonation efficiency reached 79.63%. The results reveal the UCS of carbonated soil increases with the MgO content due to the pore filling and skeleton supporting effects, while the increase in <i>γ</i>-C<sub>2</sub>S contents elevates the carbonation efficiency due to its high interaction with CO<sub>2</sub>. The carbonation curing of solidified soil with mixed binder addresses the poor hydration and cementing performance of <i>γ</i>-C<sub>2</sub>S and further enhances the cementing properties of alkaline solid wastes without strong alkaline activators. The carbon reducing effect of this carbonation–solidification method was found to be significant, and it sequestrates CO<sub>2</sub> primarily in calcite and nesquehonite stably.</p>

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Properties and Mechanisms of Problematic Soils Solidified with Industrial By-Products Synergized with Reactive MgO and γ-C2S Subjected to Carbonation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月26日

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  • Dongxing Wang,
  • Zhuoyu Duan,
  • Yong Zou,
  • Fujin He,
  • Hao Luo

摘要

Reactive materials such as MgO and dicalcium silicate-gamma (γ-C2S) are selected as composite binders in the solidification of problematic soils. However, the combined effect of MgO and γ-C2S on carbonation–solidification was still unclear and the carbonation efficiency of solid wastes was fairly low. To further exploit the carbonation capacity of the alkaline solid wastes, MgO and γ-C2S were introduced in the carbonation–solidification of soils along with fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS). In this study, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and CO2 uptake tests were conducted to investigate and optimize the combined effect of MgO, γ-C2S, FA and GGBS on the carbonation–solidification of sludge. The UCS of soils with 16% GGBS, 2% MgO and 2% γ-C2S was improved to 4.63 MPa after carbonation, as 7.42 times as solidified soils uncarbonated, and the carbonation efficiency reached 79.63%. The results reveal the UCS of carbonated soil increases with the MgO content due to the pore filling and skeleton supporting effects, while the increase in γ-C2S contents elevates the carbonation efficiency due to its high interaction with CO2. The carbonation curing of solidified soil with mixed binder addresses the poor hydration and cementing performance of γ-C2S and further enhances the cementing properties of alkaline solid wastes without strong alkaline activators. The carbon reducing effect of this carbonation–solidification method was found to be significant, and it sequestrates CO2 primarily in calcite and nesquehonite stably.