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<p>High-speed cylindrical grinding of 18CrNiMo7-6 steel using cubic boron nitride (CBN) abrasives involves coupled challenges such as severe thermal loads, surface integrity control, and maintaining wheel geometry and grit self-sharpening. This study investigates the combined effects of bond type and grit size on the mechanical, tribological, and grinding behaviors of CBN abrasives and examines the experimental relationship between grinding-wheel hardness and residual stress. Results show that, under identical grit sizes, vitrified-bonded abrasives exhibit significantly lower material wear rates than resin-bonded ones, demonstrating superior wear resistance but weaker self-sharpening capability. Resin-bonded samples exhibit higher Rockwell hardness and flexural strength than vitrified-bonded ones due to their denser structure and stronger interfacial bonding, while vitrified samples with finer-grit (230/270#) display locally increased hardness and strength from denser bond bridges. The consistent variation in hardness and flexural strength indicates their shared dependence on bond integrity and abrasive distribution. During high-speed grinding of 18CrNiMo7-6 steel, vitrified CBN wheels produced compressive residual stresses up to − 416.7&#xa0;MPa with a ~ 40&#xa0;μm compressive layer, whereas excessive bond hardness led to tensile surface stress (+ 70&#xa0;MPa). These findings provide empirical insights into optimizing CBN wheel design and improving surface integrity in high-speed precision grinding.</p>

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Analysis of CBN Grit Characteristics and Residual Stresses in High-Speed Cylindrical Grinding of 18CrNiMo7-6 Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Yinxia Zhang,
  • Xu Zhang,
  • Siyu Zhai,
  • Xin Yang,
  • Wei Gao

摘要

High-speed cylindrical grinding of 18CrNiMo7-6 steel using cubic boron nitride (CBN) abrasives involves coupled challenges such as severe thermal loads, surface integrity control, and maintaining wheel geometry and grit self-sharpening. This study investigates the combined effects of bond type and grit size on the mechanical, tribological, and grinding behaviors of CBN abrasives and examines the experimental relationship between grinding-wheel hardness and residual stress. Results show that, under identical grit sizes, vitrified-bonded abrasives exhibit significantly lower material wear rates than resin-bonded ones, demonstrating superior wear resistance but weaker self-sharpening capability. Resin-bonded samples exhibit higher Rockwell hardness and flexural strength than vitrified-bonded ones due to their denser structure and stronger interfacial bonding, while vitrified samples with finer-grit (230/270#) display locally increased hardness and strength from denser bond bridges. The consistent variation in hardness and flexural strength indicates their shared dependence on bond integrity and abrasive distribution. During high-speed grinding of 18CrNiMo7-6 steel, vitrified CBN wheels produced compressive residual stresses up to − 416.7 MPa with a ~ 40 μm compressive layer, whereas excessive bond hardness led to tensile surface stress (+ 70 MPa). These findings provide empirical insights into optimizing CBN wheel design and improving surface integrity in high-speed precision grinding.