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<p>With the rapid development of tunnel construction in Northwest China, collapsible loess, as the main geological condition, seriously affects the stability and safety of tunnels. Collapsible loess exhibits a significant decrease in physical property indicators such as elastic modulus and cohesion under water immersion conditions, and this characteristic has a substantial adverse impact on tunnel surrounding rock deformation and lining stress. This study obtained the physical and mechanical parameters of loess under different collapsible states through on-site trial, and revealed the correlation between loess collapsibility characteristics and soil mechanical properties. Based on the physical parameters obtained from loess collapsibility evaluation, a numerical model of stress and deformation of tunnel surrounding rock and lining under different collapsible states of loess was established. The response mechanism of collapsible loess to tunnel surrounding rock deformation, lining stress, and pile foundation stress deformation was studied, and the improvement effect of pile foundation reinforcement on tunnel structural stability was explored. The research results show that the loess collapsibility coefficient has a significant negative correlation with moisture content, dry density, compression modulus, cohesion, and friction angle, and an evaluation model capable of predicting loess physical parameters under different collapsibility grades was established. With the deepening of collapsibility degree, surrounding rock deformation and lining stress increase significantly; especially under severe collapsibility conditions, the soil bearing capacity decreases sharply, leading to large displacements of tunnel surrounding rock. In addition, pile foundation reinforcement can significantly enhance the stability of tunnel structures and effectively mitigate the adverse effects caused by loess collapsibility characteristics. This study provides a theoretical basis for engineering design and reinforcement in collapsible loess areas, and offers a reference basis for safety assessment of related projects.</p>

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Loess Collapsibility Evaluation Model and Its Application in Tunnel Foundation Reinforcement

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Penghui Xue,
  • Minghong Sheng,
  • Haotian Yu,
  • Jinkun Huang,
  • Gan Wang,
  • Yixian Wang

摘要

With the rapid development of tunnel construction in Northwest China, collapsible loess, as the main geological condition, seriously affects the stability and safety of tunnels. Collapsible loess exhibits a significant decrease in physical property indicators such as elastic modulus and cohesion under water immersion conditions, and this characteristic has a substantial adverse impact on tunnel surrounding rock deformation and lining stress. This study obtained the physical and mechanical parameters of loess under different collapsible states through on-site trial, and revealed the correlation between loess collapsibility characteristics and soil mechanical properties. Based on the physical parameters obtained from loess collapsibility evaluation, a numerical model of stress and deformation of tunnel surrounding rock and lining under different collapsible states of loess was established. The response mechanism of collapsible loess to tunnel surrounding rock deformation, lining stress, and pile foundation stress deformation was studied, and the improvement effect of pile foundation reinforcement on tunnel structural stability was explored. The research results show that the loess collapsibility coefficient has a significant negative correlation with moisture content, dry density, compression modulus, cohesion, and friction angle, and an evaluation model capable of predicting loess physical parameters under different collapsibility grades was established. With the deepening of collapsibility degree, surrounding rock deformation and lining stress increase significantly; especially under severe collapsibility conditions, the soil bearing capacity decreases sharply, leading to large displacements of tunnel surrounding rock. In addition, pile foundation reinforcement can significantly enhance the stability of tunnel structures and effectively mitigate the adverse effects caused by loess collapsibility characteristics. This study provides a theoretical basis for engineering design and reinforcement in collapsible loess areas, and offers a reference basis for safety assessment of related projects.