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<p>To investigate the microstructural evolution of an Fe-Cr-Al alloy after annealing at different temperatures and its influence on impact and tensile properties, a hot-rolled Fe-Cr-Al alloy is selected for annealing treatments at 750, 800, 850, 900, 950 and 1050&#xa0;°C for 15&#xa0;mins, followed by microstructural characterization and mechanical properties testing. The results indicate that the Fe-Cr-Al alloy primarily consists of a ferritic matrix and composite AlN-SiC precipitates. Microstructures of the as-rolled sample and those annealed at 750&#xa0;°C and 800&#xa0;°C exhibit significant rolling deformation characteristics, including elongated grains along the rolling direction (RD), noticeable intra-granular orientation gradients and non-straight grain boundaries. When the annealing temperature increases to 850&#xa0;°C, pronounced recrystallization occurs, resulting in the formation of uniform equiaxed grains. As the temperature further rises to 950&#xa0;°C, recrystallization is essentially completed and the grains become fully equiaxed. Upon increasing the annealing temperature to 1050&#xa0;°C, the equiaxed grains is coarsening further. The strength–ductility product of the Fe-Cr-Al alloy annealed at 850&#xa0;°C (17,529.4&#xa0;MPa·%) is 17.8% higher than that annealed at 950&#xa0;°C (14,880.0&#xa0;MPa·%), while its impact energy (130.46&#xa0;J vs. 136.50&#xa0;J) is only 4.6% lower. The main reason for this discrepancy is that tensile properties are predominantly governed by strengthening mechanisms, whereas impact toughness is more sensitive to crack propagation paths. Considering both strength–ductility balance and impact resistance, the optimal annealing temperature for the hot-rolled Fe-Cr-Al alloy is determined to be 850&#xa0;°C.</p>

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Optimizing Fe-Cr-Al Alloy: Microstructure Insights and Mechanical Performance at Different Annealing Temperatures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Yangli Liu,
  • Yu Zhang,
  • Chengyue Yu,
  • Chuhan Zhang,
  • Zhu Cao,
  • Wang Li,
  • Jingyuan Li

摘要

To investigate the microstructural evolution of an Fe-Cr-Al alloy after annealing at different temperatures and its influence on impact and tensile properties, a hot-rolled Fe-Cr-Al alloy is selected for annealing treatments at 750, 800, 850, 900, 950 and 1050 °C for 15 mins, followed by microstructural characterization and mechanical properties testing. The results indicate that the Fe-Cr-Al alloy primarily consists of a ferritic matrix and composite AlN-SiC precipitates. Microstructures of the as-rolled sample and those annealed at 750 °C and 800 °C exhibit significant rolling deformation characteristics, including elongated grains along the rolling direction (RD), noticeable intra-granular orientation gradients and non-straight grain boundaries. When the annealing temperature increases to 850 °C, pronounced recrystallization occurs, resulting in the formation of uniform equiaxed grains. As the temperature further rises to 950 °C, recrystallization is essentially completed and the grains become fully equiaxed. Upon increasing the annealing temperature to 1050 °C, the equiaxed grains is coarsening further. The strength–ductility product of the Fe-Cr-Al alloy annealed at 850 °C (17,529.4 MPa·%) is 17.8% higher than that annealed at 950 °C (14,880.0 MPa·%), while its impact energy (130.46 J vs. 136.50 J) is only 4.6% lower. The main reason for this discrepancy is that tensile properties are predominantly governed by strengthening mechanisms, whereas impact toughness is more sensitive to crack propagation paths. Considering both strength–ductility balance and impact resistance, the optimal annealing temperature for the hot-rolled Fe-Cr-Al alloy is determined to be 850 °C.