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<p>This research utilized laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) technology to design and manufacture body-centered cubic (BCC) Ti-6Al-4V lattice structures with G-type and U-type <i>z</i>-direction reinforced struts. It systematically examined how variations in strut diameter gradients influenced the mechanical properties, energy absorption, and fracture behavior. Through quasi-static compression tests and finite element simulations, the study demonstrated that adjusting the strut diameter gradient effectively modulates the relative density of the lattice structure, significantly enhancing its elastic modulus, yield strength, and plateau stress. The findings revealed that the elastic modulus and yield strength of the U-type structure were 2.55 times and 4.03 times higher, respectively, than those of the BCC structure, indicating superior load-bearing capacity and stability. Additionally, the BCC structure with a high-density gradient showed an energy absorption capacity 10.9 times greater than that of the uniform structure, reflecting excellent impact resistance. Analysis of fracture morphology indicated that the gradient design promoted stepwise failure, resulting in a hybrid brittle-ductile fracture mode. The finite element simulations closely aligned with experimental results, confirming the gradient design’s role in enhancing performance, the gradient design approach proposed in this study offers theoretical foundations and practical guidance for high-performance lattice structures in additive manufacturing, with wide application potential in fields such as aerospace and biomedical engineering.</p>

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The Effect of Struts on the Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Lattice Structures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月10日

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  • Wentian Shi,
  • Wensong Jiang,
  • Yifan Han,
  • Jie Li,
  • Xiaoqing Zhang,
  • Chao Pan

摘要

This research utilized laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) technology to design and manufacture body-centered cubic (BCC) Ti-6Al-4V lattice structures with G-type and U-type z-direction reinforced struts. It systematically examined how variations in strut diameter gradients influenced the mechanical properties, energy absorption, and fracture behavior. Through quasi-static compression tests and finite element simulations, the study demonstrated that adjusting the strut diameter gradient effectively modulates the relative density of the lattice structure, significantly enhancing its elastic modulus, yield strength, and plateau stress. The findings revealed that the elastic modulus and yield strength of the U-type structure were 2.55 times and 4.03 times higher, respectively, than those of the BCC structure, indicating superior load-bearing capacity and stability. Additionally, the BCC structure with a high-density gradient showed an energy absorption capacity 10.9 times greater than that of the uniform structure, reflecting excellent impact resistance. Analysis of fracture morphology indicated that the gradient design promoted stepwise failure, resulting in a hybrid brittle-ductile fracture mode. The finite element simulations closely aligned with experimental results, confirming the gradient design’s role in enhancing performance, the gradient design approach proposed in this study offers theoretical foundations and practical guidance for high-performance lattice structures in additive manufacturing, with wide application potential in fields such as aerospace and biomedical engineering.