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Abstract <p>Recently, ceramic materials possess high strength, hardness, thermal stability, corrosion resistance, and insulating properties, making them widely used in engineering and cultural applications. Yue kiln porcelain, a historically important ceramic, suffers from a fragile structure and poor interfacial bonding with metallic coatings, limiting its functional applications. In this study, Ni-W-SiC composite coatings were successfully fabricated on Yue kiln porcelain substrates via jet electrodeposition (JED). The effects of nozzle size (Φ1.5, Φ2.5, and Φ3.5&#xa0;mm) on coating deposition behavior, microstructure, and properties were systematically investigated through both simulation and experiments. Flow field and deposition rate analyses revealed that the Φ2.5-mm nozzle provided the optimal jet velocity (2.92&#xa0;m/s) and the highest actual deposition rate (9.7&#xa0;μm/min). Cross-sectional SEM confirmed coating thicknesses of 286, 578, and 361&#xa0;nm for the three nozzle sizes, respectively, while the Φ2.5-mm coating exhibited the densest and most uniform structure. Adhesion strength reached 37.5 ± 0.5 N at Φ2.5&#xa0;mm, nearly 1.7 times that of the Φ1.5-mm coating. XRD and TEM results indicated refined crystallite size (28.7&#xa0;nm) and the most effective SiC incorporation (6.1 wt.%) under this condition. The Φ2.5-mm sample also achieved the highest hardness (800.8 ± 6.7 HV), superior thermal stability with only 0.27&#xa0;mg weight loss at 2200&#xa0;°C, and the best corrosion resistance, as evidenced by a low corrosion rate (0.09 ± 0.01&#xa0;mg/d) and high polarization resistance. Furthermore, it exhibited excellent wear resistance with a minimal wear rate of 0.17 ± 0.02&#xa0;mg/min and the lowest friction coefficient (0.41). These findings demonstrate that JED is an effective strategy for reinforcing Yue kiln porcelains with Ni-W-SiC coatings, and nozzle optimization is critical to achieving compact microstructures and multifunctional performance.</p>

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Preparation and Characterization of Jet Electrodeposited Ni-W-SiC Coatings on Yue Kiln Porcelains

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

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  • Jian Wan,
  • Lan Liu,
  • Fafen Xia

摘要

Abstract

Recently, ceramic materials possess high strength, hardness, thermal stability, corrosion resistance, and insulating properties, making them widely used in engineering and cultural applications. Yue kiln porcelain, a historically important ceramic, suffers from a fragile structure and poor interfacial bonding with metallic coatings, limiting its functional applications. In this study, Ni-W-SiC composite coatings were successfully fabricated on Yue kiln porcelain substrates via jet electrodeposition (JED). The effects of nozzle size (Φ1.5, Φ2.5, and Φ3.5 mm) on coating deposition behavior, microstructure, and properties were systematically investigated through both simulation and experiments. Flow field and deposition rate analyses revealed that the Φ2.5-mm nozzle provided the optimal jet velocity (2.92 m/s) and the highest actual deposition rate (9.7 μm/min). Cross-sectional SEM confirmed coating thicknesses of 286, 578, and 361 nm for the three nozzle sizes, respectively, while the Φ2.5-mm coating exhibited the densest and most uniform structure. Adhesion strength reached 37.5 ± 0.5 N at Φ2.5 mm, nearly 1.7 times that of the Φ1.5-mm coating. XRD and TEM results indicated refined crystallite size (28.7 nm) and the most effective SiC incorporation (6.1 wt.%) under this condition. The Φ2.5-mm sample also achieved the highest hardness (800.8 ± 6.7 HV), superior thermal stability with only 0.27 mg weight loss at 2200 °C, and the best corrosion resistance, as evidenced by a low corrosion rate (0.09 ± 0.01 mg/d) and high polarization resistance. Furthermore, it exhibited excellent wear resistance with a minimal wear rate of 0.17 ± 0.02 mg/min and the lowest friction coefficient (0.41). These findings demonstrate that JED is an effective strategy for reinforcing Yue kiln porcelains with Ni-W-SiC coatings, and nozzle optimization is critical to achieving compact microstructures and multifunctional performance.